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DICTIONASY AlTD GL03SAET
THE KOa-ArT, •
>( -Z ^ " ^- -- ''-'
COPIOrS GKl^tniATICAL TvEFEREXCES AND EXPLAXATIOXS OF THE TEXT.
IT
JOHN PENRICE, B.A
lb #flr# the4 trwhUy ehooi$ the ea4U4t /dM.— A«ab pRorxui.
LONDON;
Henry S. King & Co.,
65, CORNHILL, ahd 12, PATEBNOSTER BOW.
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DICTIOISrARY AND GLOSSAEY
OF
THE KOK-AK
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PREFACE.
THAT a competent knowledge of tho Kor-an is indiopcuSc-iWo as an introduction to the study of Arabic litemturo will bo admitted by all who have advanced beyond tha rudiments of the language. From the purity of its style and elegance of its diction it has come to bo considered as the standard of Arabic even by those who have no belief in its pretensions to a divine origin, while so great is its authority among the followers of Mohammad, that it would be difficult to name a work by any Mussulman writer which docs not abound in allusions to its precepts or in quotations from its pages.
It is not to be expected that all the transcendant excellencies and miraculous beauties discovered in the Kor-an by its commentators and others should immediately imveil themselves to our cold and unsympathizing gaze ; beauties there are, many and great-; ideas highly poetical are clothed in rich and appropriate language, which not unfrequently rises to a sublimity far beyond the reach of any translation ; but it is unfortunately the case that many of those graces which present themselves to the admiration of the finished scholar are but so many stumbling-blocks in the way of the beginner ; the marvellous conciseness which adds so greatly to the force and energy of its expressions cannot fail to perplex him, while the frequent use of the ellipse leaves in his mind a feeling of vagueness not altogether out of character in a work of its oracular and soi-disant prophetic nature.
It has been the privilege of the Kor-an rather to impose its own laws upon grammar than to accept them from other sources ; and as it was vrritten originally without vowel points, it is not surprising that a good deal of difficulty has been experienced in framing rules fo meet the various readings that have thence crept in.
'The following pages have been compiled in the hope that they may prove of service to the beginner in mastering some of the difficulties to which I have re- ferred ; they will be found to contain much, which to the more advanced student may appear trivial or unnecessary, but which will not be without value if it lighten the labours of those for whose use the book is principally designed ; it has no claim to originality, it merely presents to the reader in a succinct form that which the writer has culled for his benefit from the works of others.
The edition of the Kor-Sn which I have chosen for my text is that by Fluegel, printed at Leipzig in 1834; the Concordance by the same author has been my sheet-anchor throughout. Each word will be found under its verbal root; where none exists it must be looked for in its alphabetical place; so also in the case of
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VUl PUrFACE.
words wliicli have seemed lil^cly to puzzle tlio b:^2^^^^-^S m^ay of thc5:o have been separately arranged in tucir alphabetical order, but A/ithdniwn a littlo withm the marginal lino ; thus for c:!:araplo the word l^S ia?jy bo looked for either under cSor under its root ^\^. Tho vowel of the aorist has been given whero it is kno^vll ; I have generally added tho orijiial meaning,* imd where such mcp.ai^g is not to bo found in tho Kor-an the words aro printed in Italico. I must hero claim indulgence for tho fault — if fault it bo — of having given tho English of tho infiaitivo instead of tho third person singular of the preterite, or grammatical root of the verb ; it seems more convenient and less roundabout to say that cl^ means to strike, although no one would be likely to commence the study of tho Kor-an without being fully aware that the word should in strictness be rendered "He struck" ; while upon this point I may observe that although there is no true infinitive in Arabic, the abstract noun or noun of action frequently supplies its place ; the letters n.a. merely refer to the forms of the difTarent nouns of action, not necessarily to their meaning ; this also applies to the participles, written part. act. and pass.; these names have been re- tained for convenience sake, and mark ihoiform only of the verbal adjectives, which, being constantly employed as substantives, arc generally so rendered.
It is hardly necessary that I should offer any apology to my readers for the • frequent references I have made to Do Saoy's GrammaireArabe; the study of the French language is now so universal, as almost to render a translation superfluous ; the letters D. S. Qr. etc. refer to the second edition.
I have not, as a rule, thought it necessary to notice the various readings of disputed passages, nor the numerous interpretations of the same passage which abound in the Commentaries ; those who may wish to extend their researches- in this direction will find an ample field in the works of the two great authorities El Beidawee and Ez-Zamakhsharee ; the Commentary of the- former, as being the more grammatical, is the one I have generally consulted. Free use ha? been made of the Dictionaries of Freytag and Johnson, principally the former ; to them, as well as to Sale's well-known translation, my acknowledgments are especially due.
From the many careful revisions the work has undergone, both previously, and also in passing through the press, I have good grounds for hoping that but few typographical error3 have escaped detection ; entire fi-eedom from such is hardly to be expected, but the short table of errata will, I feel confident, comprise the greater part ; for all other shortcomings I must seek the indulgence of my readers, trusting that my humble efibrts may have provided for them in the words of my title " A clue of elucidation to the intricate passages of the Kor-dn."
BiULXSRTON LODOE, NoRWlCH, «^ . xENKICE.
Zrd February f 1873.
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DICTIONARY
OF
THE KOE-AE".
\
I A prefixed pnrlicle answering to the Latin num or an, Whether? Is it? When the first of two consecutive propositions begins with i, and the second with A both n?.ay frequently be taken in. a dubitative sense ; as \\ L-fJjJii ^jjcj J 2 V. 5, Whether thou warn thera, or whether thou warn them not ;" ) is often found prefixed to other particles, as, lL^^A "Art thou verily?" I,tli^ ^T i:.^] 16 V. 73, " Do they then deny the beneficence of God?" When this particle is followed by another 1 one of them is generally omitted ; as wi-il for i^n ; so likewise when followed by Wesla, in which case the alif of union is suppressed, as a1)1 for 4ili n, etc. D. S.Gr. T. 1, pp. 71 and 99. L-;1 aor. i. and o. To mote, kIj\ ace. Ul That which the earth produces as food.
ill plur. of c-M for ^ q. v.
Jj^lTl (2nd declension) pi. of (jiy\ {Pers.),
Goblets. «juj 1 for . J\ see cj for *y1. ^1 see^.
^Lo^ n.a. Tiii. f. of ^^ q.v. i1 aor. i. and o. To be rvild (an animal) ; aor. i.
To remain in a place. ISjI Eternally, ever, for
ever.
>-JS>
:^jA^ Abraham ; a poun of the second declen- sion, of Hebrew origin, D. S.Gr. T. 1, p. 404. i^ji\ and i^jA 1 pers. sing. aor. iv. and ii. forms of T^" q.v. jA aor. a. and i. To flee (with ^1^), properly, as
a slate. JjI To be or hate many camels. JjI and Jjt Camels; a generic noun like sheep. ilLl plur. J-j1jI (2nd declension) Flocks (of birds). ^j^\^ Iblees, Satan, see ^jSj. 1^\^ for yj from ^ q.v. ^\ for ^ A father; when in connexion with a complement, nom. ^1, gen. ^], ace. iJt; Kz^ <l for v-j1 »J 0! my Father; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 91 ; Dual ^^^1 Parents, and in con- nexion ^jJl, oblique J}^!, as J^^'l and t^^ His two parents ; Plur. ^UT Fathers, ancestors, for jUn like JUjT, the final j being changed into haraza after \ quiescent; D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 97 and 113. c-»^Jj 1 plur. of ZJC q.v. yl aor. a. and i. To dislike, disdain, refuse, to be averse from (with ^1, and also with il ), as \'j^ \ ^p,l^ J\i 17 v. 101, "But the
Digitized by
wuJl
(2)
J^l
v/ickcJ Lave ivjectcJ (tlio IruKi) or only (re- ceive it) vrith in;;r::itiUide."
J^j\^ viii. f. of jl^ q.v.
^^\ see ^jkj^.
^^Uiii. f.of^Jq.T.
yyl 1 per3. Bing. aor. v. f. of ISj q.v. ^^\ aor. i. To come, come to (with ace. or with J); to bring to (svith c-* of thing and ace. of pera.) ; to pass, come to pass, come upon (with ^); to do, commit (an act, with ace. or with (^). cl^I for.^ll, fern. 4UjT part. act. One w!i6 comes to, as ^^1 c->l,X£ j^yJ\ 11 V. 73, " Verily there is coming upon them a punishment." ^3)^ part. pass. with an active signiGcation, That which is come to pass; at 19 v. 62 it has a future signification, thus, Cjl« sjlj ^\£ " His pro- mise will come to pass."— ^T IV. To cause to come, bring, produce, give (with double accus.). i\cj^ n. a. The bestowing of gifts. i^y plur. ^y)-^ part. act. One who gives. Pass, j^jl, or with the omission of the second hamza, j;J\ D. S. Gri T. 1, p. 97; Ex. c-juii \yj^ ^j jJ I ; A phrase which is exactly rendered in colloquial English by "Those who have been given the Scripture;" D. S. Qr. T. 2, p. 125. Jjl aor. a. i. and o. To be luxuriant. tLljl! Household stuff, anything which constitutes wealth.
M\i\ see ^\. y\ aor. 0. and i. To relate.; to excite, raise (dust, with ace. and c->). J\ A trace, footstep ; Plur. j\i\ Traces, monuments of antiquity. ijj\ A relic.— yl IV. To choose, prefer (with ace. and ^).
JJl aor. i. To hcf.nnhj rooted. Tamarisks.
5^J
Jul (generic noun)
J=r
Jl aor. 0. and a. To pro'.ioimcc f/inll'j, and Jl aor. a.
To sin. Jl n. a. A sin, guilt, iniquity. lUl
' • Punishment of wickedness. >jT part. act. One
who sins, an evil-doer. >-jT A wicked person.
— *J'J n.a. II. f. Accusp.tion of crime J aor. 0. Jb burn, -i'w^i Bitter, salt (water).
,^^-12;-] viii. f. of UP- q.v. C^c^l pass. viii. f. of C
s
q.v.
:.\
ijij^j^
:A plur. of C'A:>- A scpuIchrc.
-A aor. 0. and i. To pay Tva^cs, serve for hire
5 Jl
i * 1
i Wages, dowers.
jp^\ n.a. A reward ; Plur — ^*iLrX. To hire. Js>^\ To fix a term. Jp-I A cause, the sake, as <^^ J^^ vir? " ^^ *^^^t account." ^] A
^ ^ ■© s
fixed term, predetermined period. — J^T II. To appoint a fixed term (with ace. and J). O^y^ part. pass, with act. signification, as i^j^i l?'i( 3 V. 139, " According to the Book which fixes the appointed term of all things." For this adverbial use of the accusative see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 67, et seq. <Lk5»-l plur. of ^.::^ fr. ^^ q.v.
f 'T** * s ^^
hs^^A plur. of -ll>- from 1^ q.v. jjir^ Wages, Plur. of^t . cLojI^I plur. of tLsfjki, Tales. ^U*! iv. f. oftli q.v. iUrv.1 plur. of ^--i^ see lL%>- . •xil One, any one; Fern. i^IsLt , see Ij^J li^l plur. of 11^ and li^ see pS^.
ci^-i-Uv.f. of(
^v
' c *
q.v.
1 plur. of ^jl^ q.v.
(
Jj Jl^I A pit, from a>. q.v.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Jc;-»
( 3 )
J^<
1\ aor. 0. To ta]:e, receive (with ncc. ami also with c-^) ; to accept, tal;c away, punish, afflict (with ac?. of pcra. and ^^» ^.» or ^^)l to make a compact (with ^^J^ of pera. or with ace); to £eize upon, sciro (with ace. or with w of (lun^^'^;.to take in hand and arrange, as
jj ^^ i;;:i ciit :ii 9 v. so, " wo had
i of
ordered our afHiirs beforehand." jo-1 n.a. The act of taking, punishment. j*xiJ noun of unity, A punishment. iLs-T part. act. One who takes. — Jl^T* or j^i aor. Jo^Uj III. To punish (with ace. of pera. and <—> of the crimc).~iir] for iI^o\ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 230, VIII. To take, take to one's-self ; with Qj it means to beget, as IjJJ Sflar^ 2 v. 110, "God hath begotten issue;" to receive, make, make for one's-self, aa ll^JcstI l^jI^I ji^ ^ 29 V. 40, " Like the spider (who) maketh for herself a house;" at 38 v. 63 ^Ujuirl is for ^ciarU, the alif of union being sup- pressed after the interrogative particle 1, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 71 ; to hold or reckon, as j^ku ^T SS:^ ^<{} j^^ U 9 V. 100, •' He con- siders what he expends as a means of bringing him nigh unto God;" to act, behave (with
kindness), as at 18 v. 85 (with .J of person). * ^t f ^ '
jUr! n.a. Act of taking to one's-self. dJ^i^
^> ^
part. act. One who takes.
. \ No verbal root, the verb not being used in the
first form ; Latter ^ The last. j^J for^U
(2nd declension) Another, other, the last;
Fern. JIL] D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 351 ; Plur.
^If^l; Tem.^\ for Jiv, the more usual
form, D. 8. Gr. T. 1, pp. 359 and 407;
f'^-^' J 3 V. 147, "In your rear." ^T.
Fem. ij^l Last, the last, the end, latter end ;
^^•^ i \ The last, the latest posterity; Ij^l \ The next (life) as opposed to CJLjT.--l<.l II. aor.^jj To do a thing after anoUicr, do any- thing last, defer, leave uiulone, put off (with ace. and,^), asc-^\^» ^^ \ij>\ ^j li v. 11, " And verily if we put off their punish- ment;" to give a respite to any one (with ace. and i<0.— y^tj V. To reino.In behind^ come after another. — r>-^J X- To stay be- hind, delay, wish to delay. ^^ b.*-^ part. act. One who- tarries beb.ind.
lLoJ^I 2 pers. sing. pret. iv. f. of ^^^ q.v.
^JsX] iv. f. of ^^^ q.v.
Ai^\ (2nd declension) plur. of JJ.i|.rt. Ji q.v.
^i!J^ aor. cond. 1 pers. sing, with s aGxed, from^ ^iXq.v, . •^ for fil ; when in connexion with a complement nom. ^, gen. ,^^ ^^-C ^i A brother; Dual, ^'p-^i oblique Ji^u and inconstruc*- tion \^\ and ^y-t ; Plur. V^ J and ^J^l; the latter generally means companions or friends. SJ^ for iIi-1 A sister; Plur.
Jj\^; Dual ^^^, -■ *^iue ^^1,*
see
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 353.
jI aor. a. i. and o. To fall on, oppress. 5^ Stu- pendous, grievous.. ljpj| for Jjf^lS; 2 pers. plur. vi. f. of (Jj q.v.
\,jt Cause to come ; Impcrat. ii. f. of ^Jl q.v.
^j\ see ij^\ .
jbjl see^J.
^jpr Imperative plural of \jS q.v.
I'Dijl plur. of ^3 An adopted son, rt. \2j q.v.
Jj\ iv. f. of 3 J q.v.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ol
(4)
^,\
aJ\ aor.a. To be (a;cny. >»jT (2nJ dcclcnoion), Adam; D. S.Gr. T. 1, p. 404. ^Ji More vile, etc. fr. IJ J q.v. ^j\ Jloro grievoua, fr. ^J q.v.
,^1M aor. i. To become thick {viil/:). ^TjI for ^\j\ Payment; the final ^^ being converted into hamza after \ quiescent; P.3.Gr.T.l,p.ll3.— ijj] II. To cause to come, to pay back, restore (with ace. and ^p ; aor. ^j^ as jpj " Then let him restore (it)."
o "^ **
6\ and \j\ Behold, if, when, then, at that time.
1 jl Thou, in that case ; These words are. re- gardedby the Arab grammarians as indeclinable nouns ; They enter into composition with other worda, as »5ui-.^ and jl^*j Then, at tliattimo, on that day when; so also !j^ after the in- terrogative particle \ as \Si\ Is it then? etc. For the various effects produced by these par- ticles upon the tenses of verbs the reader is referred to D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 171, et scq,, and also p. 522 : j^ and \j\ are constantly em- ployed in the Koran to commence a sentence without any antecedent; the words ^^l^ U J^j^ •'Remember what occurred," being then under- stood.
^\j3\ plur. of ^J A chin, see ^j.
L» ji 1 pers. plur. pret. iv. f. of j^ J q.v. See also
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 240. JlJ J^ plur. of jJ J, rt. J J q.v.
^3\ To give ear ; and ^S\ aor. a. To suffer, grant permission, permit (with J of pers. and c- > of thing, also with ^T of the verb) ; to hearken to (with J). Note. When the Imperative of this verb is preceded by uJ it is written ^oli as at
2 V. 279 ; see D. 8. Gr. T. 1, p. 232, note.
Plur.
#1
^^\ Fern. An enr ;
a. Pormi:'sion. ^UT. ^\j\ A declaration. — ^j! II. To cry aloud, make a proclamation (with J" or with c-^ of thingX ^Jj-* part. act. A public crier, a Muezzin.-^ ^S\ IV. To mal; : known to, proclaim to (with ace. of pers.) ; to assure. — ^jlJ V. To cause a proclama- tion to be made, cause to be declared. — ^.jU-»^ X. To ask permission (with ^^,1 c: with ace. of pers. and J of thing); at 3 w. 44 and 45 it means to ask leave to bi excused, to ask a dispensation; see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 4G7, where this ellipse is explained.
^-j1 aor. a. To be hurt. ^j\ for ^jj\ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill ; n.a. injury, ill-treatment, offence, annoyance, anything noxious, such as illness or pollution. — ^^-jT IV. To injure, vex, annoy, offend, afflict ; aor. j^i^ ; U^j i U 4 V. 20, "Then punish them both;" propcrhi, "do them both some injury"; Commentators differ as to what this injury should be; Pasi. ^cj^l 29 V. 9, for J}j;i for Jcjtl, see 3 v.l04; see also D. S. Gr. T. I, p. 95, § 1S7. . vlioT^lseetl?;'!.
cl>^t aor. i. To tie (a knot) tight^ and tS.T aor. a. To want. <o^^ n.a. want, a necessity, r^3 ijjf^^t^ 24 V. 31, "Who have no ne^'J (of women)." f^j^ (2nd declension) pli'ir.
of l)j\^ Necessities, necessary uses. tL^j^ plur. of c-J q.v. ^^1 iv. f. of IjJ q.v. ' (^^j\ viii. f. of cSVj for el^J q.v. ^li-jl plur. of l^ A side, rt. lAJ q.v. Jbrjl Put him off! See U-J . cf jj! iv. f. of ^jj q.v.
i
i\
Digitized by
L^j!
k o )
AWl
\
\^J\ for .^j\ iv. f. of CJ jq.v,
J/,1 fcin. The Earth, earth, land, a country,
CjX aor. i. and o. To feed on the tree cliljl {a camel). cliSTj 1 (2nd declension) plur. of ^Xul Thrones, couches.
\j\ r.or. i. To bite. fij\ (:2nd declension) Ircm, the city of the tribe of 'Ad. ,Jj\ 1 pers. sing. aor. of ^\j q.v.
Jl Qor. 0. and i. To make a loud crash, incite; ^jy 19 v. 86, "That they may incite them ;" 3 pers. fein. sing. aor. after the broken plural ^^Clil ; for the use of the aorist indicative when in dependance on another verb, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 201. ji n.a. An instigation.
b-'-Li> ^^® *^j *^^ *^J' j]\ To be strong. jj\ n.a. Back, loins.-^T IV. To make strong. J^T Azer (2nd declension), The name given to Abraham's father Terab; I derived from the Chaldean name of the planet I Mars.
Jjjjl aor. a. To draw near. iijT The day of judg- ment* JJ\ seejj.
^Ijjl plur. of -jj , rt. ^\) q.v.
^1^] To cry Is! Is/ in driving jheep. — ^j^ II. I To found, lay foundations (with ace. and ^^ ) ; V the logical root being (jlT A foundation. I J-tCt (2nd declension) plur. probabbj of jUl-l / from JlaJ q.v. J,C! (2nd declension) plur. of jlj-* A bracelet,
fr. jL» q.v. lJ\^\ plur. of c---t^ I rt. e^-^ q.v. ^ip] plur. of lalj A tribe, rt. Isl^ q.v. j^i Silk of a thick texture, brocade ; possibly
derived from jj to glitter.
/
cyl^l X. f. of
l>- for <--^j=r 1-v- ^J^Gl X. f. of ^>. q.v.
j^^s:L^ X. f. of olrw q.v. Jj2-] X. f. of Jj q.v. ^.1^^ X. f. of £l!^ q.v.
'^y:li\ imperat. x. f. of JU q.v.
^jJoJ\ X. f. of ^^ q.v.
JjK^^ imperat. x. f. ofjJ q.v.
J,\^j X. f. of . J'^ q.v.
^^^jL-1 pass. X. f. of ^ya q.v.
kzJ^^\ fern. 3 pers. sing. x. f. of c/j^ q^v.
j^jn-jj X. f. of j^j q.v.
<^ji^\ via. f. of ijy^ q.v.
(jk*.Us->» X, f. or ^^M-^ q.v.
cr^r^-'l^c.f. of^q.v.
jLsr-l plur. of^-^ The morning, tL^s^ q.v.
^1 Journey by night I Imperat. iv. f. of ,.^ q v.
-»1 aor. 1. To bmd, make prisoner. jJ\ n.a. A liga- ment, a joint. ^^1 A prisoner, captive; Plur. ,j^l and ^jU\ (2nd declension) ; the latter of these forms is restricted by De Saoy to words of the form ^lo ; see his Grammar, T.l, p. 369,^803.
JjTpl (2nd declension) Israel ; a Hebrew word, meaning Prince of God. See Genesis xxxii.28. J^\ iv. f. of t>^ q.v., see also^l . . "
I aor. a. To be grieved, wi^i grief, as ^^JlJ\ IJ for X^\ 12 V. 84, "Oh my grief! " or, "How great is my grief I " D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 90. note. %1l^\ Indignant, or aflfected at the same time with grief and indignation,— cJ-jT IV, To provoke to anger. M^\ and ^Uil:T , see ILj •
Digitized by
-I
(6)
.■^\
JuxJiJiit (2nd declension) Islimaol, meaning in the
Hebrew God shall ficar. ^\ aor. i. and o. To he putrid and stlnhhig hvater). ^jJ\ Corrupt, putrid: ,^T^ .UJ^47 v. 16, " Of incorruptible water." Cil aor. 0. To be healed, i^ A pattern, example
worthy of imitation. ^\ aor. a. To be sad, solicitous about (with ^J^)- \j\ili\ Separately; ace. plnr. of lLw, rt. ujuJ* q.v. 4^\ plur. of ^sL^, rt. ^ q.v. AjJ^\ (2nd declension) plur. of jjJl^, see j-ii. Cii) aor. 0. 7b cut, saw; and^^ aor. a. To exult.
St
jJU\ Insolent, an insolent person. ^^^^1 Most wretched; comp. form of iLi q.v. \^\ I make my co:nplaint; 1 pers. sing. aor.
of lL£ q.v. 4i>|U-i»| see UJ* .
cC^l plur. of ii*4, see tli. jCf plur. of J--^^ rt. J^l q.v. k1J2\ 1 pers. sing. aor. cond. of C^ q.v. jw») To cover over {a pot). — SlSJ^ fem. part. pass.
iv. f. Covered over, vaulted over, ^1 aor. i. To bind. jcS A covenant, burthen. j^ iv. f. of^ q.v. ^J^^ viii. f. of \ju9 q.v. (juJcLuo^ 1 pers. sing, pret, viii. f. of ^^ q.v. ^^^1 iv. f. of ll^ q.v.
ijit plur. J^i The lowest part, bottom, root.
J^t The evening ; Plar. Jll ; Plur. of Plur.
JUT. t-^l^l plur. of c.jL» dorsal vertebrae, rt.cIJL^q.v. *Dl iv. f. of ^ for *y q.v. ^^lail 1 pers. sing. aor. viii. f. of Ji q.v. clW iv. f. of ft V^ q.v.
j^^'l for ^Ji^Tl , \ interrogative, and viii. f. of
.V.
j^.Ui^l iv. f. of J^Ul^ quadrilitcral, rt. J];^ q.v.
\yp\ Of di.Tcrent kinds; plur. of Jp?', rt.J'i^ q.v.
jc^l IV. f. of Jc^ q.v.
^jc^^ viu. f. of \Js. q-,v.
,,^^^ viii. f. 01 \js, for^ q.v.
IjjLcl see Jcc.
3<t j^! plur. of j-xs , rt. IJ^ q.v.
*J5» plur. 01 jijz, rt.Ji q.v.
jllil A whirlwind, rt.^^ q.v.
43u^^ 1 pers. sing. aor. iv. f. of jU q.v.
Lj^l 1 pers. plur. pret. iv. f. of 1^ q.v.
Jlil plur. of jjc A collar, rt. jl q.v.
^^1 IV. f. of ,^^ q.v.
t^^l IV, f. of ^y> q.v. Jl 7b 5ay uJt Fy ! as lill uJt Fy on you both ^ According to the author of the Kamoos there are forty different ways of spelling this word
*lJl iv. f. of *li for *Jj5 q.v.
Jfllii iv. f. of ,^15 for fj^ q.v.
jtU LJl Do they then (believe) in that which is j vain?" 16 v. 74 and 29 v. 67; composed of ' the interrogative particle t, the conjunctior [ Jli, the preposition l-^, the article Jl , and thJ ► word JLU Vanity, or anything vain. i '
i^jcljI vui. f. of ^cjkj q.v. ;
ijp\ viii. f. of ij^ q.v. r }
^^^1. IV. f. of Li5 q.v. i^
iLjJoi "Were we then exhausted?" composed of \\ the interrogative particle 1, the conjunction uli, ^ and the first pers. plur. pret. of J^-*^ , rt.^^ q.v. , ^1 aor. i. 7b dress leather, j^il The horizon ; Jl^r jSVG ^J 53, V. 7, " And he (appeared) in the highest point of the horizon," viz., the
Digitized by
Qoo^(^
cKi^
(7)
«-Jl
Angel Gabriel. jb| plur. of j}\ Tracts or regions of. tho cartb; jbl'l ^^UJiyTj^j^ 41 V. 63, ''We will show tbem our signs in tho regions of the earth"; to wit, The con- quests of the true believers. clXilaor. i. To. lie, cause to tell lies, or put oz a false appearance, as at 7 v. 114 ; to turn aside (with ^); to frustrate, render silly. tlXi^ A falsehood, lying invention, lying, false; as • ^^LJ .... iJjT liiS! 37 V. 84, "Do ye choose a falsehood (viz.) gods, etc.?" lllil is here put for \ii\] . CiOl A great liar.— CJ^y* part. act. viii. f. which has a passive signification. That which is overthrown or turned upside down; ci^l^j^l The cities which were overthrown, viz. Sodom and Go- morrah. . Jj! aor. i. and o. To set (the sun). JiJ part. act. That which sets.
Jcj\ plur. of ^, rt. ^ q.v.
i^y\ plur. of IJ A mouth, see ^U for dJ.
^joyl I pers. sing. aor. of ^js^s q.v.*
iju-ol plur. of jy , rt. Jbq.v. Jj^Cm (2nd declension) plur. of J^^T plur, of Jy A saying, discourse, see J\j for J^. v::^! A definite time, for L::--^3J ; rt. \jl^^ q.v.— 1 II. (no 1st form) To fis a certain time.
De Sacy, quoting El Beiddwee, says in his Grammar, T. 1, p. 103, note, that the word Li^M which occurs at 77 v. 11 is for l^-cjj.
*Jcj^ see \ Jc> .
^j^\ fern, imperat. of ci^cj q.v.
^Tsee^.
cLly* plur. of ciy Food, rt. t£;l3 q.v.
i\S^ 1 pers. sing. aor. of iSlS for JjS q.v.
^Jk$l iv f. of )J^ q.v.
i\J\^ n.a. iv. f. of J^ q.v.
IJ^^l Clothe them ; Imperat. of US q.v.
JSl aor. 0. To eat, devour, consume (with ace. or with ^, c-j, or^); to mate use of, enjoy, as at 4 V. 3; Imperat. J^, fern. ^ . jii n.a. TLo act of eating, a devouring; SSI In a greedy,' devouring manner. Jsi Food, as fruit, or whatever is eaten; «jiSl Ulisr* %Jj^^3 ^ ^- ^^^i* "And com, the food from which (is) various in kind ; " For the construction of this and similar sentences see D. S. Gr. T. 2, pp. 70 and 270. jfT part. act. One who eats. JIS\
Greedy, a great eater. J/^ part. pass. Eaten.
At2l plur. of I^ A bud, rt. S q.v.
i^l and ^f,l2l plurs. of J)^, rt. ^ q.v. Jl The definite article, The; when not at the be- ginning of a sentence, it is always written with .tfj thus Jl ; the 1 then loses all sound and becomes mute. D. S. Gr.T. 1, p. 64. jl aor. 0. and i. To he shaken. ^\ ace. of J^ Consanguinity, relationship. Freitag gives Jl as the root of this word.
it from 1 interrogative and /not; la it not? Are there not ? etc.
JT for J^t, rt. JT for Jj! q.v.
i\I\ plur. of Jt , rt. f\ for pt q.v.
I] for S ^"i That not ; as, that (I do) not, etc. It governs the aoristin the subjunctive rocod.
Jl for J ^^ Unless, except, if not; It commonly governs the accusative. For the rules of syntax connected with J^ see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 403, et seq.
^\1] A fem. form of ^^jJl q.v.
cSCjf plur. of JiS, see v^.
Digitized by
^\
(8 )
^1
(S^\ aor. i. To diminl 'li, defiuuJ (with v.cc. of pers. and ^ of thing), as ^ (^A*^ crt >^li:Jl Uj ^Ai o2 y. 21, " And we >Yill not defraud them of any of their works," l-cJ! viii. f. of i^ q.v*
. oliJl n.a. iv. f. of li! q.v. cJlsIl D.a. iv. f. of wli' q.v. ^^^xi^^ i Join me ; Imperat. iv. f. of Jjs^ q.v. oJI (2nd declension) comparat. adjective fr. jJq.v. i^iJl (He, the m^.n) who, (him) wliom, (the thing) which;.Fein.^^l ; Dual ,^^iJ\; Plur. ^^iJw fern. plur. ^ll I and ^^ UJ 1; De Sacy instead
of the last form gives *Ui and vjj'JD) ; see his Grammar, T. 1, p. 446; According to the rule given at § 232, p. 113 of the same volume, s\Ji\ would seem to be the most correct way of spelling it; see also his observations on these pronouns, or, as he calls them, conjunctive adjectives, vol. 1, p. 443, et scq,, and vol. 2, p. 343, et seq. The antecedent is frequently omitted ; see aa instance at 23 v. 14.
Jjl Letters placed at the commencement of the 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th, and 15th chapters; seelTT. i^\ plur. of ^UJ, rt. ^ q.v.
<— cJl aor. a. To be accustomed (to a place) ^ to join
Sift
together* (JfiJI A thousand; considered by some as the root; Dual ^lif^, oblique ^^T; Plur. vlii\ and vlfju — J3! II. To unite, joia together, reconcile (with ^); aor. v^ J.
JLaJj^ fern. part. pass. Reconciled, as ^jIsTT ^jb 9 v. 60, "And those whose hearts are re- conciled : " For the construction of this sentence see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 277.- *" A compact, uniting together.
J 3b! D.a. iv. f.
^\ iv. f. ofUI q.v. t^'^^i plur. of w^ A nickname. ^\ iv. f. of ,^ q.v.
J\ Am I not? Is it not? etc. from T interrogative and J not; used also in conjunction with other particles, as >!j1, Jjl, UJjl, etc. pT Letters found at the commencement of the second and several other chapters of the KorAn. Concerning the meaning of these and other . letters found at the commencement of various ch^ipters, differences of opinion have always existed among commentators ; but it is held by many of the ablest of the Mussulman Doctors that tho true meaning has never been communicated to* any mortal, Mohammad alone excepted. See Sale's Koran, introduc- tory remarks, section iii. Note. These and similar letters are to be pronounced at full length, all/, lam, meem, etc. iJl aor. a. To suffer (pain).. .j^\ painful. Ji^ Letters at the commencement of the thirteenth .
chapter, see 'p\. ^ji^J Letters at the commencement of the seventh
chapter, see IJT. ilT To adore, ll^; Dual oblique J^\^ ; Plur. i, JT A Deity, God. 2)1 God, The God, The only God; A word which embraces all the names by which the Mussulmans designate the Deity. a3ju and ^Xj By God I ^ To God, be- longing to God, as Jj iJp v. 151, " Verilv we are God's." ^^T A form of invocation,' 0 God I The ^ being added to compensatei the omission of the particle iJ; it is said tcV ' stand for Ik C] 2jT l^ " 0 God 1 instruct usP
in righteousness ! "
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
I
Jl
(9)
!iSQ] It Las occupied you ; iv. f. of l^J q.v. and J. 1J I iv. f. of ^S q.v. Jl aor. 0. To be rvantin^ in dut^f, to fail (v. ith ace. of pcra. and thing), as flli (^^j2\i 3 3 v. 114, "They will not fail to corrupt you." i^J plur. of JT for ^], Benefits.— JT IV. for ^\\ (possibly derived from an obsolete root jJi) To swear, vow abstinence from (with ^), as JJij^' 3 pers. plur. aor. at 2 v. 22G.— Jiji^ VIII. To swear, as \/j[ ^ ... Jjlj 24 V. 22, " Let not (the wealthy) swear that they will not give.*' Note. The ellipse of the negative . is usual after an oath ; the oath itself implying a negation, unless there appear some precise indication to the contrary; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 474. ^\^\ plur. of ^J^ A species, q.v. A[ To, towards, as far as (but not including) ; For the difference between ^j:.^ and ^\ see ^Ji^; in, on, or at, as l^^ ) /♦^•j ^'^ JIjH^ 4 v. 89, "Verily he will gather you together on the day of resurrection ; " with, or in addition to, as, ^91 Jl J^'^P ^J^^ ^ 4 V. 2, " Do not devour their substance in addition to your own;" in this and similar instances there appears to be an ellipse of the word ^y^.^ ** by adding tV," or of some similar word ; ^J^ ^\ Until. As a general rule ^\^ indicates the term or limit beyond which an action does not extend. Jj\l\ (2nd declension) Elias. ^^\^\ 37 v. 130 Ilydseen ; this word is supposed by some to be the plur. of (jlOt and to mean Elias and bis followers, but it is probable that the termina- tion ^ is only added for the sake of the rhyme, and that both words designate the same person ;
as *u-1j and ,., Sinai.
are both names of Slouiit
^\ Or; a conjunction generally used in the second of two alternative propositions, the first of which is preceded by 1 ; botli nray frequently be rendered " whether ; " see 1 •
I* I aor. 0. To seek, intcndy propose. JJiT oblique plur. part. act. Those who seek, or are intend- ing (to visit). li A mother, Plur. t£.>l^Ji) ; onffin, principle, a capital, place of abode, foundation, as <-r^l^ 1 ai 3 v. 0, '* The founda- tion (or fundamental part) of the Book." ^ofe. The contents of the Koran are classed by Mohammad under two heads; the first.
i<
which is called <-->'ai) \ 2] or the fundamental part, contains those passages whose meaning is plain and obvious; the other portions are metaphorical ; the words <---?^I^ \ a) at 13 v. 39 and 43 v. 3 mean "The original of the Book," and refer to the table on which God's decrees are recorded; it is also a name sometimes given to the opening chapter : ^^ \ ^1 The metropolis, Mecca : ^i^2'^T'7 v. 149 for^^i J^T Son of my mother, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 91, note ; in some manuscripts the words ^' J^ 1 ^ at 20 V. 95 are written in one word ^^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 99. ^] Plur. j^l A people, nation, race, a party (especially of the samo. religion), a fixed and definite term, a certain time, a religion, as aX! ^ 43 vv. 21 and 22, " In the practice of a religion ; " an Imdm, or model of religion. ^\^\ Before ; lilXt 75 v. 5, " (For that which is) before him," ue. "for the future." ^Ul sing, and plur.; the Plur. of which is Juil A leader in religion, a
Digitized by VjOC5QIC
( 10)
model, example, rule, pattern, or book for
guidance or instruction.
Ono who can
neither read nor write, illiterate, au epithet of Mohammad, ignorant. Pagan, ono who is ignorant of the Scriptures. W A3 for; occa- sionally put for. U /♦! Or that which, or what. Ut Either, or whether, in which sense it re- quires to be repeated before each of the alterna- tive propositions of a sentence ;D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 673; instances however occur where instead of Ul being repeated, jt is substituted, thus,
0:^3/;;^ u^j:^! jx^r .j-^ ^:ui\ 17 V.
24, " Whether one of them attain old age with thee or both of them ;" when standing for U^l If (tho U being expletive), no repetition is necessary, thus ^Sa ^Lj J^*^ L«li 2 v. 3G, "And if a direction shall come to you from me."
^U^ plur. of JuT A maid-servant, see UT forj.^1.
iUT A deposit, rt. ^^\ q.v.
^^Ui plur. 0/ luJil Desires, rt. ^« q.v. «X^I aor. i. To determine^ to be curved, cL^T A curve, anything which shows ups and downs.
JUT A maid-servant, rt. Ul for J^l q.v.*
j^\ viii. f. of jU q.v.
^j^^\ viu. f. of ^jss^ q.v.
jJ^T To be Jinishcd, and 1^1 To be angry. IX^
Anger, the term of existence, a space, term,
terminus.
^ aor. 0. To command, order, enjoin (with ^T or
J or with ace. of pers. and l^ of thing) ;
L5^ir^^ "Yeorder me," 39 v. G4,is ^ot^^^\
Imperat.^, when preceded by the conjunction
J it is written ^^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 232.
y^ n.a. A command, decree, matter, thing.
will.
J^
\ A serious matter, a str.ngo thing.
^
iTpart. act. One who commands. jU! Prone.
"-i.
?/t
^j^ VIII. To take counsel together, de- liberate about (with<^-:); Iinperat.^.4a.'t,and with J, j^\^. yj^ C^^' ^J\ A man, rt. T^ q.v.
[ja^\ Yesterday, (no verbal root). ^\m\ plur. of ^jt^ An intestine.
J.J aor. 0. To hope. . j^ n.a. Hope. ^!iv. f. oflCq.v.
^T aor. a. To be secure, trust (with ace. of pcrs. and **-? of thing), put trust in (with ace. of pers. and ^<li), to be secure from (with ace), as ^TjLi ^ u ii 7 V. 97, " For (no one) is secure from the stratagem of God." ^\ n.a. Security; at2 V.119 it means a place of security. j^T part, act. One or that which is secure, safe, secure. ^j^\ Faithful, trustworthy, secure. H^ Security. Ju W A pledge, cove- nant, faith, a trust. ^y%^^ part. pass. Secured. ^t« A place of security.— ^jJiT IV. To make sure or secure (with ace. of pers.) ; to have faith in, believe (with 4--^). {^}^\ for u'^'l D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 95, §185 and 187 n.a. A believing, faith, heartfelt belief, see |»iC]. ^J^y* part. act. One who believes. — ^^/^^ Pass. J;^jl VIII. To be entrusted with the custody of anything, i-j^i Anything wished for, rt. ^j^ q.v. •Ul aor. 0. To mew like a cat, to become a maid- servant. luT for iy^ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 358, A maid-servant; Plur. ^L«^.
^1 That, in order that, lest, that not; when followed by a verb in the aorist, such verb is generally
business; Plur. ^1; i^J^ ^Oi my own | put in the subjunctive; when put before d
Digitized by
J.
( n )
A
r.oun or pronoun it gaverns it in the accusa- tlre, nnd is tlien writ ton with the tcshdecd ^J. This conjunction is frequently used after Jli or BOine similar verb, with an ellipse of the word *^$ai/ing^* thus, ^y^ ^^.J «->^^ ^^i^ ^wJli]T^y]T^V^^I 23 V. 9, "And (re- Eiember) when thy Lord called unto Moses (saying) go unto the wicked people;" when used in the sense of lest, for fear that, or in order that (it may) not, it is generally neces- sary as a ride that the preceding proposition should contain some word which carries with it the idea of prohibition,, hindrance, or obstacle, as >^'-«i ^ i^l ^5^/^' \J^ uji^ C!^ 18 V. 55, "Verily we put veils over their hearts thatihey fhould not understand it (the Koran)." The above rule how;ever is by no means without exceptions, several of which occur in the Koran ; thus at 7 v. 171 \jyij ^ i must be rendered " lest ye should say," where there is an entire ellipse of the negative ; a similar ellipse is com- mon in case of an oath, see ^J^\, rt. Si. ^l and ^1J That, ^t^ As though. V\ That not, for / ^T . ^
^1 is used with every kind of prefix 8nd affix, and may be rendered that, since, because; when followed by the affixed pronouns as AiT etc. it loses its influence over the following noun; D. 8. Gr. T. 1, p. 5G7. ^^'^ If, differs from jl inasmuch as the former is simply conditional, as if {^\^ you are wise ; while the latter supposes what is not the case, as if (j) ) you were wise ; this is made clear by the following example : |^>mLj i f^^jS ^\
you call upon tlicm thoy will not hear your prayer, and if they hoard they would not answer you." ^\^ gives a future signification to verbs in the preterite, unless where ^If is interposed, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 181, et seq. ; it has sometimes a negative meaning, as Jp^^rjl ^.\ '^^\ ^i 11 V. 53, "My reward is not (due) except from him wlio created me." JyTand^'for J;i^Und^3.
^^ like ^ is used with almost every kind of . prefix and affix; when without an afTtxed pro- noun it governs nouns in the accusative: it has an affirmative meaning, and may generally be rendered verily, or indeed; it is sometimes written without the teshdeed, and. must not then be confounded with the conjunction J],l if. UjI called by the Arabs ^^ \ uJ^, or particle of restriction, may frequently be rendered only ; the U is occasionally a simple expletive, and the word has then the force of ^1 , but it no longer governs the accusative. Do Sacy gives the rules for all these particles in his usual admirable manner, and to his Grammar I refer the reader, for the ftijlest information on the subject, I; 1 I ; personal -pronoun.
VS\ plur. of ^1 for ^^"1 Hours, rt. ^ q.v. I5l5l ace. plur. of ^^1 , rt. ciU ! q.v. ^^Ul plur. of ^^^^, rt. ^\ q.v. ^iJl (collective noun) Creatures ; no verbal root. J^u! (2nd declension) plur^of iLijl Finger-ends*
rt. jJij q.v. i\2\ plur. of Ij , rt. LJ q.v. LT^i IV. f. of l::-^ q.v. {j't^y vu. f. of \j**^, q.v.
Digitized by
j\
( 12)
^J
^^UJ) (2nd declension) plur. of /w or ■ .--J A prophet,. rt. LJ q.v. ts^I Thou; pergonal pronoun inaac. ; Plur. IsJI; Dual US]. *3ucj^ viu. f. of juj q.v. ^;lx>^ vui. f. of^ q.v. y^[ viii. f. ofJ£J q.v. j<=^\ viii. I. ofywaJ q.v. acJ^ viii. f. of j»ij q.v.. \y^\ 3 pers. plur. viii. f. of ^ q.v. clJi To he soft (iron). ,^1 Plur. cl-Aj! A female; Oblique dual ^^^^\ . jIjuI plur. of j!j An idol, rt. jJ q.v. ^^laor. a. To he familiar^ ^\ (collectironoun) Mankind, human beings, man. J;w[ common gender, Man ; Plur. \J^\i\ {jiommonhj contracted into {J^^). ^^\ A mmi , Plur. ^iJ 1 (2nd declension) ; D. S. Gr, T. 1, p. 402,— JjT IV. To render /arniliar, perceive (with ace. and ^^). — ^1L»^ X. To he/amiliar, to ask per- mission, beg pardon, ^j^J^Lm^ part, act. One who is familiar. c-^U^i plur. of L,.^..>, rt. Cj^-vu^ q.v^ ti-jT iv. f. of UJ q.v. Li-v^l IV. u of L=-^ q.v. ftiT aor. a. 7b ^e^rw up the nose at, to go he/ore. l^T Just now, lately : the logical root is k^\ A nose. JlUT plur. of jiT, rt. JiJ q.v. ^y*J3) plur. oi ^^ A 80ul,.rt. ^^^ q.v. • fjM\ vu. f. of j^ q.v. ^\ij I plur. of jili A fetter, rt. JiJ q.v. Viji^^ 1 sfee jip. iJ^ imperative of ^ q.v.
^Jl aor. 1. To arrive (the time, with J) ; to be boil'my hot. ^^ for ^\ A fitting time, con- venient opportunity, as iU^ ^p}3j^ 33 v. 53, "Without looking to his convenience." ^ for ^u part, act. Boiling hot (water) ; Fern. fyj. JlTplur.of^^Uor^tD.S.Gr.T.l, p. Ill, A fitting time, a part of time; ^IjT j1jjT20 v. 130, ''The hours of the night." iJlTime. JQjplur. of ^U^ A vessel. ^1 How, in what way, in what way soover. Where, whence, from whence; D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 185 and 205. J2J^^ vin. f. 01 y^ q.v. J^ I People, a family or household ; ^-?^I^ I J.^ 1 The pcoj)le of the Book, ?.<?. Jews and Christians, • also called^ JJ 1 Jil or, Those who have charge of the oracles of God ; J-xsr^ \ J^) Christians, the people of the Gospel ; jlJjT ji] The inhabitants of Hell-fire; worthy of (with genitive). iL$\ plur. of Jib), New moons, rt. J^ q.v. ^T^t plur. of ,^J^ A desire, rt. ^^^ q.v. ^l Or, either, whether, unless ; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 571, and T. 2, p. 28. *lj! see St for 5jK
l>nforcSj aor. o. To return. cSIjI n.a. The act of returning. <— >lj» A sincere penitent, one who frequently returns, one who turns seriously to God. c->U A place of return. — i^y\ II. To sing the praises of God by saying „ilj^Ls^; ^^j I fern, imperative. jU^l plur. of^j, rt. ^j q.v. 4)l5y plur. of JjJ, rt. jJ^ q.v. J^Jl pass. viii. f. of J^T q.v. ^^j] plur. of JjJj An idol.
Digitized by
( 13)
J\\
S\] for Jj] , aor. .y^ for IJ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 104, To baid, oppress by its gravity.
Ju j^l plur. of J^j A valley, rt. ^^Jj q.v.
^j^l pass. iv. f. of ^J\ q.v.
•jlj}] plur. ofjj],, rt. Jjj q.v.
h^j ] sec k-jj .
^}liv. f. of^^q.v. J^l comparative and iv. f. of ^^J q.v.
iXjjjWv. f. of w\sj q.v. jT for Jj\ aor. o. To return, to be be/ore. JT A people, race, family, jy , Fern. ^^] JFirst, former, prior, the first beginning ; J,;Sj - » The ancients, those of former days.— Jy 11. To bring back, explain. Jj^Ij n.a. Interpretation, explanation, determination (of a dispute).
^y These; plur. of. U This; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 439.
CJ^%\ Those.; plur. of cJU or CX!j That; D.S.Gr.T.l,p.440; Jli'^^l Those of your's. \^j\ Oblique ^]\ ; Fem. cLfjl ; a plural adjective wanting the sing., unless, according to some, it is to be considered as a plural of jj Possessed of, endued with, as l^(1vC\J^\ Those gifted with (understanding) hearts ; J^X\iy\ Those in authority ; S^ tiSjl Women with child. Note. The \ at the end of \^y\ is what is called i>lSj)TuiJl or alif of precaution, to prevent the final J being taken for the conjunction and.
^J]^Tcomp. form of adj. fr. ^^ q.v.-
^LJ^lseej;. J^n for J,y aor. o. To be tranquil. ^J A time, moment ; ^i\ adv. Now, at this present time. Vi Ahf alas/ »\j) A compassionate person, one
who shows pity by frequently 8i;;liing, and saying ah! or alas I ijy aor. ^^j^ (a verb hamzated and doubly im- perfect). To betake one's-self for rest or shelter, have recourse to (with ^\)'f u/jLj 1 pcrs. sing. aor. with the prefix {Ju ; \^j'\3 " Then fly!" 2 pers. plur. imperat. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 232 note. ^j\ Plur. ,JiT and d^Vff A sign, miracle, a name given to tlie verses of the Koran, each of which is" held to bo a miracle. i^ji^ A place of abode, i .jinsion. — ,^j^ IV. To care for, or receive as a guest, provide a refuge or abode for (with ace. and ^\) ; Aor.
^\ Yea, verily ; used only in affirming by oath.
i^\ pronoun of comm. gend. Whosoever, which- ever, Who? which? What? UjT Whichever.
uV a particle prefixed to pronouns in the accus. when "isolated" or not affixed ; it is employed in cases where a verb governs two or more pronouns in the accus. one of which cannot be conveniently affixed ; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 378 ; also where it is desired to place the pronoun before the verb, as JljJ fSs\j[ in the opening chapter ; occasionally it is used in addition to the affixed pronoun, as ,^jaj Li \J^}^^ 2 v. 33, " And I, (or as for me), fear me ; " D. S. Gr. T.l,p.461. cLCt n.a. of. cSn for cl^ q.v. yj^ plur. of ^t, rt. >in for Ij) q.v.
Jl!]When? ^1^^ n.a. iv. f. of ^- q.v.
j\T for jjI aor. i. To be firm. sA n.a. Strength. — jST II. To strengthen (with ace. and ^jl or c_^); aor. ^^.
Digitized by
Jot
( 14 )
J^
Irjjal Their hands; oblique plur. of ^;, rt. tjS) q.v, cl.01 and kj\ (noun of unity) A wood; c-^l/j^l ^SiTThc hihabitants of a wood near Midian, to \.hom the prophet Sho'aib was Bciit. ilitA n.a. iy. f. of ^] q.v. aW for Ij] aor. i. 7b i^ unmamid. ^^^ (2nd declension) plur. of IJl An unmarried man or woman, whether single or widowed. ^\^\ n;a. iv. f. of ^^ q.v. ^\Z] plur. of
JuoJ plur. of Il*^> rt. pi q.v.
^T^] Where? v/hitlier? USi Wherever, whitherw soever; D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 1S5, 194, and £05. CS1j\ Art thou vcvil^ ? from 1 interrogative, ^\ and lI/ the affixed personal pronoun.
^iorl^l, Fem. \^zj] an Interjection, 0 thou! 0 ye I etc. ; it is followed by the substantive with the definite article J i , as ^^.-i^j-v \ ^^} " 0 true believers I ^' ^TCiJ! 12 v. 70, " 0. ye of the Caravan ! "
lIj^J (2nd declension) Job.
^ an inseparable prepc il' ju, prefixed to the word it governs, which when a noun is put in the genitive ; it has divers significations, as In, by, at, with, to, into, upon, for, or by reason of; from, as C^ cyjl U 82 v. 6, " What hath fleduced thee' from thy Lord?" It is used with ^1 , 'X>-, pfj and many other verbs to render them transitive, or join them to an in- direct complement, thus ^^ " He brought it"; Utcralhj, "ho came with it." c--> is frequently an esplelive, when put before the complement of a negative proposition, as Jili^ 2jTU 2 V. 69, "God is not negligent"; it is also an expletive in some other cases, as \s^ ^, Ji 13 v. 43, " God is an all flufficient witness." For the various usages of t^ see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 469, et scg.
^\f Babel (2nd declension, D.S.Gr.T.l,p.404)
^\j see \jj (oTjS) •
Jjj^^ see y .
gA^see^.
jl^ aor. a. To d!j a ivell. ^ fem.' A well.
/IIJ aor. a. for tJC To be wretc/icd, miserable ; ^JL^ for ^JSj To be bad, miserable; the latter is one of those anomalous verbs, named by the Arabs ijjTj -liiT Jlx>t or " verbs of praise and blame," which arc not conjugated, the only inflexion taken by ^j^ being the feminine vj\^ ' "She was miserable;" the vowel of the first radical letter is suppressed, and that of the second is put in its place, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 263, and T. 2, p. 221 . (JX Severity, vengeance, valour, force. iL*j Grievous. ^^C part. act. Needy. 3<\J^ (Bodily) mis- fortune.--^J-uJ^^ VIII. To be grieved (with M) l LT^ ^ " Be not grieved," 11 v. 33.
jj aor. 0. To cut off the tail. Jj\ (2nd declension) Childless.
ilJizj aor. i. and o. To cut, cut off. — vJIXjj II. To cut off, with the idea of repetition; JicuJJ 4 v. 118, " Verily they shall cut off."
JaJ aor. o. To cut off, separate.— j^ n.a. II form^
Digitized by
( 15.)
V
A life of complete separation from tlio world
and devotion to God.— Jci-J V. To devote one's-
£clf wliolly to God's service (with ^\), a3 r.t
73 V. 8.
^•aor. i. and o. To disperse, disseminate (with
. ace. and ^). cLo Sorrow. c-j^V^ Scat-
tered, spread abroad.— C---^« part, paf>3. VII.
f. Scattered abroad.
^^l^aor.i. and o. To let naicr f.oni.^yJJf^\ VII. To burst forth (water), sccjs^^.
iX^^ aor. a. To scratch the ground like a hen (with^).
^sT To slit a earners ears,- J^-^ Plur. jli; and y^\ The sea, a large body of water ; ^J^. dual, The two bodies of water, viz., salt and fresh; ^^jt^, Baheero, the name given among the Pagan Arabs to a camel which they turned loose to feed, after slitting its ears.
^^^^ aor. a. To diminish, withhold what is due (with ace. of thing and ^ of pers. or with double ace). ^^/*^ A deficiency, small, trilling.
j-i^. To slaughter {a sheep) hy cutting its throat, to Mil on^S'Self nxth grief. j^V P^^^* ^^^' One who frets himself to death (with ace. of pers. and ^^ or ^).
^sf^ aor. a. To be covetous, avaricious, covetous of (with c— >). JsT Avarice.
ijJ aor. a. To begin, create (with ace. and also with ^->) ; ISjjJ l^J " And they began (with) you (to assault you)," 9 v. 13.— Ti! IV. To create, make anew ; Aorist u^*XfJ .
^ aor. 0. To make haste. jjJ Bedr, name of a place near Mecca ; The moon when full; Plur. jjAj . l^^ Sj Hastily.
fS^ aor. a. To produce something new. qJj New, new-fangled. 1j jJ The Creator, as maker of
a now creation.— i^\ VIII. -To bring for- ward a novelty.
Jjj To change, iljo For a change.— JjJ II, To substitute, cliatige one thing for another (v/ith ace. or with double ace. and lS^. oi,^ n.a. Au exchange. J^V* P^^^t. act. One who changes. — Jjo( IV. To 8ub:titute, .give in exchange (with double ace.) — Jjw \. To exchange (with ace. and uJ). — Jj^^ X. To wiih to exchange (\vith zzc, and l^) ; to put in the place of another (with ace. andjii). J^Jui-j^ An exchange.
^j^ aor. 0. To be corpulent, ^^x^ A body, ^^vj
plur. of ijS) 22 V. 37, Camels sacrinced at Mecca. \Z aor. 0. To begin, to be manifest, to appear (with
J ^^ ur^^» ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ mindi ; li IjJ 1} 12 V. 35, "Then it occurred to them." JJi; A desert. i^Ij for ij-jlj part, act., see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill ; Plur. ^^Jb A dweller in the country; ij\^^^^^, "At first thought," 11 v. 29.— i^sA IV. Tx) make to appear, show, manifest (with c-^ or with ace. and J). jlU for ^sL^ part. act. One who makes manifest.
jjj aor. a. To sow.^jSj II. To dissipate, scjuandcr. l^juJ Profusely, jjkl^part. act. A spendthrift.
^ aor. a. To be pious, just, act justly towards (jvith accus. of pers.) j Plur. j\j\ Beneficent, liberal, just, kind ; Dry land as opposed to sea. li Piety, kindness, that whichis just and proper. Ijjt plur. of Jb part. act. Innocent, pious.
\yi aor. a. To create, ^ji Plur. ^^j and ^^ Sound, free, innocent ; with ^^, Clear, guilt- less of; Ex. ^^^ ^ lsJ ^J[ 6 Y. 78, " Verily I am innocent of that which ye asso-
Digitized by
c^
( 10 )
1:.^
ciato (with QoJ)." ^\j) same aa o>^ • i^T^ Immunity. Ly A creature. ,^j\j part. act. Tho Maker, Creator,' God.~]^ 11. To absolve, acquit; Ex.^^JS ^cZ\ U 12 v. 53, " I do not absolve myself," (also with ace. and ^j^). j^ part. pa:^3. Absolved.— 1^1 IV. To cure, heal. — \j^ V. To free one's-self, clc.^r one's- self (with ^) ; CJ^I ifp^ 23 v. G3, " We are free (from thom Lnd turn) to thee."
^j> To eat and drink in large quantities. ^^J plur. of ^jj A tower, sign of the Zodiac. — ^^. V. To deck one's-self. ^^ n.a. The ornamenting one's-self in an ostentatious manner ; Ex. i^Ul^fl.^ Ir^ ^ 33 v. 33, " Deck not yourselves with the ostentation of (the time oO ignorance." rrJ^ P^^'* ^^** Decking one's-sslf out.
-J To turn to the left, as a dccr^ which was thought unlucbj; and 1^ aor. a. To cease, leave off, quit
43^ aor. 0. To be cold. Sj n.a. Cold, cool, coolness. j^ Hail. J^b part. act. That which cools, refreshes. j^ To go forth, as out upon a plain (with ^\, J, or ^!j^) ; to be manifest (with J). j^U part, act. One who goes forth; J^b 18 v. 45, In an extended form, like a plain.— -j^ II. To make manifest (with J).
^jjt A partition or interstice, a bar; the abode of departed spirits, Hades ; No verbal root.
^j( aor. a. To he leprous. ^j\ (2nd declension) Leprous.
^j aor. 0. To shine, and ^J To be smitten with astonishmenti to be* dazzled. ^ n.a. of J^
Lightning, thunderbolt, ^^jr^^ BrocaJe, s:o
p. 5. d^aof. 0. To hnccldojvn like a camel, stand firh\ ^''Pluncl^lg? Blcssing3.--^^V in. To
bless (with ace. and with ^^ or.^J^); Pass.
C^j^, . <^V* part. pass. Blessed.— C/iC5 VI.
Tp%e blessed; '^TcJJCj literally, "GoJ
was blessed," or " Blessed bo God ;" the Pre- •
terite being used for thcAorist in an optative
sense in the same way as ^^ q.v. For this
use of the Preterite see D. S. Or. T. 1, p. ICO.
IJJ To twist. — ^T IV. To twist together and mah
Jimi, to fix, settle (a plan). ^^^ part. act.
One who fixes upon a plan, 43 v. 79. ^Jkjj To demonstrate, concince. ^^l^ An evident
proof. iy To insert a lancet, rise (as the sun). cj'J
part. act. Rising. (mJ aor. 0. To drive gently, to crumble to dust.
^^n.a. A cnirabling to dust; jUJl lt^'
\2j 56 v. 5, "The mountains shall be crumbled
into dust." jjj To do anything out of season, to be of an
austere countenance. jJj part. act. Austere •
and dismal-looking. HIJ aor. 0. To expand, extend, enlarge, stretch,
stretch forth (with ace. and J, 1^, or ^).
kwJ n.a. Extension, expansion. iSalJ Excel- lence, increase of stature. &\1) A carpet. £-»b part. act. One who stretches out ; Ij^l \^U6 V. 93, "Stretching forth their hands ; " Literally, " Stretchers forth of their hands;" UL»b is here put for^^^b which loses its jj as being antecedent t^) (^^ ' » the Alif is added as an Alif of precaution or
Digitized by
(17)
JL
Aj}i}\ »— 4'i tl'O object of wliich ia to prevent the final J from being taken for the conjunction J and; for the construction seo D. S. Gr, T. 2, p. 183. ^^l2?j-aJU 5 y. CO, part. pass. fern, dual " (Ilia two hands are) stretched out." ^IIj' To spit, to be tail J^lj Tall (as a Palm-tree).
JIj To lookjierce.'--^^2y\ IV. To deliver over to
perdition. ^ aor. i. To smile-. — ^^y. Same as IIJ.
jLj To peel ojf the hark, y£jj and^^ A bringer of good tidings. ^^ A man, men, human beings; niasc. and fern, sing, and plur. cjf^j Good news; fS\J^^ 57 v. 12, " Good news to you;" i^ is replaced by \ before the affixed pronoun, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 118. !jtJ A bearer of good tidings.-^^ II. (used with accus. of person and L-^ of the thing, or with ^1), To announce good news ; sometimes used ironically; Ex. ^^1 l^Ijuo li/lj 3 v. 20, " Then announce to them a painful punish- ment. j'^^ part. act. One who announces joyful news.— jilj III. To go in unto(a wife).— jij] IV. To receive pleasure from- good news (with ^j of thing).-/£X!;,^ X.. To rejoice, especially in good news (with w^). J^^iXl^ part. act. fem. One who rejoices.
y^ To see, look at (with c-j) ; to understand.
yoj Plur. jCiA Sight, eye-sight, sense of
seeing; ^T J^ 16 v. 79, " Like the
twinkling of an eye ; " In the plur. it generally means " Eyes." ^-^ Seeing, a Seer, or Beholder, One who sees or understands. ij^ "Pint. jjUsj An evidence, evident argu- ment or demonstration ; C^ I^ 12 v, 108, By & manifest demonstration." ij^ A
matter for contemplation.— l!J IT. To make to seo, shew, make manifest.— ^1 IV. To see, consider, cause to see (with ace. or with c-> of pers.) : For two diOerent interpretations of ^'^ at 18 V. 25, and 19 v. 39 see i^\ iv. f. of j-^, ji^^ part. act. One who sees, that which renders evident, or enables one to see, visible, manifest.--^-^^^*!^ part. act. X. f. A clever and far-seeing person. Ju^ An onion, and when used in a collective or
generic sense. Onions. ^-^ To cut ojf a part. ^Jh A part, a small number (from 3 to 9 or to 5, or from 1 to 4, or from 4 to 9), also seven ; ^^^^ ^ 12 v. 42, "A few years;" ^^ is here put in the accus. as indicating the circumstance of time, see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 99. I^Ul A portion of goods, sum of money, merchandize.
JL; To be slarv.^^ II. To retard ; If^ j^^ ^^ ^^;^^ 4 V. 74, "And verily there is (a portion) of you who tarry (or cause to tarry) beliind." iVote. In cases where the 2nd form of a verb has a neuter signification, the Ellipse of a complement may frequently be inferred ; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 133.
JL aor. 0. To split; ^ aor. a. To be insolent. Joj Carelessness, insolence. •
(^/tJa; aor. i. and o. To lay hold, take or seize by force, make an onslaught upon (with s-^).
^JAu n.a. Force, violence, vengeance. SjJaj
Force, power, severity.
Ji^ aor. 0. To be in vain, perish. JtlJ part, act.
That which is vain, false, falsehood, vanity ;
J^T, seo 13 V. 18
JtCffis the opposite to j;!'
JlL 1 IV. To cause to be in vain, frustrate.
Digitized by
J^ ( 18 )
ij^t part. act. One wno
L5^
malce incfTcctual deals in vanities.
^;k' aor. 0. 7b enter into the inmost parts of any- thiiij, to lie hid. ^^. n.a. Plur. ^j!Ly Belly, interior part. ^\j part. act. That which is hidden, inner purt, in :Jc, iaterior. ^OUL An inner vest; mctaplioncalbj ^ An intimate friend, 3 V. 114; Plur. J^liu (2nd declension) Inner linings, k>o\.Z\:.
c!^ aor. a. To send (with aec. and J, ^-?, and ^, also with y^)\ to make manifest, raise up, raise from sleip or from the dead (with aec. of pers.). ci^jJ n.a. The resurrection. C>^« part. pass. Sent, raised from the dead. — vi^^} VII. To be sent. lLIv^ n.a. The being sent. jlM To scatter abroad, turn upside down, tear forth.
a^ To be far off, go a long way off, perish; JuUr^^JL^ CjjJo 9 V. 42, "The way seemed far to them." jm when used as an adverb is indeclinable, Aftervrards, ^ again ; when em- ployed as a preposition it is used in the Accusative J^c, or in the genitive if preceded ^y ^> ^ ^ tir? After, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 508, and T. 2, p. 152. jm A distance; \jM Away with ; jli ^ jJo f\ 11 v. 63, " Was it not (said), Away with 'Ad ! " Ju^ Distant, far off, remote, as Ju*; ^^j 60 v. 3, " Are- turn remote from the imagination, or from possibility."— HIj III. To cause a distance to intervene (with ^) as at 34 v. 18. — jjl^ part. pass. IV, f. Far removed. JjJ To become full grortn (a camel). jM comm. gend. A full-grown camel, i^^klu A portion of anything, some; one another;
«»-«'• t, #y ' C *'
. Ex.;Ji ^vl P-^4 ^;^r^r2 v. 34, ^ Get ye down, an enciny one to another ;" used for both ma^c. and fern, and for all numbers. Xj^ A gnat; verbal root ^Jlo To be stung by gnats.
AZ aor. a. To be in a married state. Jm Baal, a husband; Plur. Hyu .
ei^; aor. a. To come upon suddenly, ^zjj On a Budflen, suddenly.
fj^ aor. 0. To hate. ^mLIo (2nd declension) Violent hatred.
JSJ a mule; Plur. J'i Mules.
^ aor. i. To transgress, pass beyond bounds ; to seek, desire (with double aec. or with ace. and ^, J^,or^^); to act unjustly or insolently towards (with ^Iz of pers. or ^^ of thing). ^jJn.a. Injustice, injury, oppression, iniquity; Cu In an insolent manner. ^%i A harlot, ^IX Fornication. qIj part. act. for ^^Ij, see
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, Desiring, lusting.— yj^\ VII. To be fit and proper, becoming, easy, desirable, suitable, expedient (with J and ^^).— ,^5*?! VIII. To desire, covet, seek, seek for (with ace. and ^\^, ^, ^, ^, or c-^). ^Uiji! n.a. A seeking, desire of.
jj aor. a. To slit open, yj collective noun. Oxen. iyj comm. gend. An ox, a cow.
^X To go away into any country. SjkI) A corner of ground.
Jw aor. 0. To appear, push forth. JSJ generic
noun, Herbs, pot-herbs. jC aor. a. To remain, jb part. act. for 'J\j D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, Remaining, that which re- mains, or survives, permanent, constant, the rest; iJj\^C^r Jj^}^'\ 18 v. 44, and 19 v.
Digitized by
L5^
( 19)
79, "Piou3 works or won?!, which aro per- nmncnt." LJj A relic, that which is left; Ex. AJir J4^J 11 V. 87, "ThtU which is left you by God." Aotc. The letter cl> is occa- sionally substituted for the i, see D. S. Gr. ^ T. 1, p. 270, note; ^ \j)/l 11 v. 118, '* Endued with prudence or virtue." ^JjI (2nd declension) comp. form, More or most lasting, enduring, permanent.— ^^ I IV. To leave remaining, leave alive, suffer to remain. — us,«r.^H see ^•-w* .
iij (2nd declension) Becca, a name of Mecca ; see
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 404. Jj aor. 0. To be early in the morninfj. JSj A virgin,
a young heifer; Plur.jlLi- Virgins, ijj In
the morning, early in the morning.— -JlL;^ n.a.
IV. f. The morning. IC To be dumb. 1C\ (2nd declension), Plur. plT
Dumb. ^ aor. i. To weep, weep for (with ace. or with
^Jb). ^ Weeping.— ^^1 IV. To cause to
weep. Jj A particle which afSrms that which follows it, but
contradicts or corrects that which went before ;
thus it may be translated But, not'so but, on the
contrary, or rather, nay rather, still more, &c.
according to the context; for the difference
between Jj and jCj see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 565. jJj To stay or remain in a place. jJb Plur. Jh
A region, country, territory, if jL A country, territory. OJj A man of desperate character; there is no verbal root of this word in the first form. — ^^\ IV. To be overcome with grief, to be desperate, struck dumb with despair. (./uLU part. act. Seized with despair, {j**^\ (2nd declension) Iblees, The Devil.
«Jj aor. a. To swallow up. •
jJ^ aor. 0. To arrive at, reach, attain one's object, obtain (with ace), as at 18 v. 75. jJlj part, act. Arriving at, brin2;ing to a conclusion, attaining its end, excellent, consunimrito ; Ex. ij^yd ^ILjw 54 V. 5, "Con^ummat > wisdom;" also, that which is paramount over, J^ m\ luJlJ' CSl ^\^J G3 V. 39, " Ilave ye any oatlu which shall be binding upon us?" clb A warning, prer^c'nng, that which is. publislied, sent, or brought to any one. i-Jj Affecting, eloquent. j-J^ A goM, perfection, highest pitch.— ^ II. To make to arrive, publish, bring (with double ace.).— aXi IV. To cwue to reach, bring, deliver a message (witli double ace). \j aor. 0. To try, prove, experience (with ace. and
M ^^ sJOi SG® ^^^^ t^ ^J vS^ ^or« ^« To be- come worn with age, to be worn out. ^ij A trial. — ^JjI IV. To try by experiment. — i^J^l VIII. To prove by trial or examination, try either by prosperity or adversity (with ace. and c-^), see 89 vv. 14 and 16, where it is used in both senses^. jL^ for ,<ll^ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, part act. One who proves. ^^ Yea, surely, verily, nay but verily, on the con- trary; this particle is used after a negative proposition (interrogative or otherwise), and affirms the contrary of such proposition to bo the truth; hence it differs from J6 which assents to the preceding proposition ; see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 614. ^Jcj collective noun. The tipa of the fingers, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 381; the verbal root is Ji To standfast.
Digitized by
L5
:>f
( 20 )
uV
^^ aor. i. To build, roiL^truot (with ace. and c-^, J, or ^^^). ^jj for ^ A son; Pliir. ^LjI, aho ^^y^«, obliquo J^, aaJ \vlicn iu conucrcioQ with R coinplcnu at .:j and . ^: Dual ...lijl and ^J;r^^[, or in conne uoa L?^ and ^^ ; J^ My sons, D. S. Gr.T. 1, p. 459:- J^If diminu- tive, A little son, <Xuj^ A daugliter, see l^h ; Plur, ilSQ ; ^^^t oblique dual, Mjr two daugliters,- see ^ij . iV't?^^. In all these words the prefixed 1, when it does not bcjin a scntencoi 13 marked withawesia; D.S.Gr.T.l, p. CO. ^bj A ceiled roof, ^uj A builder, architect. J^uL A building. ^^^^« for^^i-^ part. pa33. Built, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 103.
vi^j aor. a. To confound. J^llj Slander, calumny ; the root of this word is said to be C^ To he accustoinci^.
-^t-? aor. a. To mahcjoyfid. IsTx^ Beauty, delight, -f^ Beautiful, delicious,
Jli aor. a. To leave o?ie at liberty, — S\^l VIII. To invoke, imprecate (the wrath of God).
^ To Tvean lambs,or hids; the first form is wanting. ii-^ An animal; fXsd\ Ju-^j Brute beasts,
cattle : the logical root is *-^ Lambs or kids. ^\j ttor. 0. for ^^ To briny back, bring down,* take upon one's-self (with c-^); to draw upon one's- self; Ex. i^T^ ^^^ ^'Z lii 8 v. 16, " He will draw down on himself the wrath of God ; " the preterite being used with a future significa- Uon ; D. S. Or. T. 1, p. 158.-Jy II. To pre- pare a dwelling for, locate any one (with double ftcc. also with J of pers. and ace. of place, or ace. of pers. and ^). \^ A place for dwelling in.— ^ V. To take possession of, occupy a
dwelling, provicV? a dv/ oiling for oncV r?If (with ace. of tiling and J of pers.). Xo!c. ^b is one of tlioso verbs which are at the same time concave and hamzated; for the rules for the eupprccoion (or othcrvvi^e) of the hr.inz:; Bcc D. S; Gr. T. 1, p. CO, ct seq. ; and also the rules for the permutation of infirm letters. 'Lf\j Plur. ilj\y^ \ A door, gate.
j\j aor, 0. To perish, to be in vain, jjj One who is lost, wicked. jV^ Perdition.
J\j aor. 0. 2l> make rvater. jU Heart, mind, thought, intention, condition.
c1?1j aor. i. and a. To pass the night. i.j^ Plur. cu^^ A house, abode, family. cl;w A night attack.— lL^ II.. To meditate by night, attack by night.
jI; aor. i. To go OKai/ {from one^s friends), perish,
^Sj aor. i. To excel in 7vhitc?iess. ^^^ collective noun. Eggs; D. S. Gr, T, 1, p. 381. JD], Fern. 3<L^; Plur. ^^ for ^^ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 360, White, clear,— ^^4??^ IX. To become white (with ^^).
vlJ aor. i. To sell. ^ n.a. Interchange by sale, selling, merchandizing, barter, i^ plur. of ix^ Churches.— ^b III. To make a contract ' with, properly, by striking hands (with accus. of person or v^ of thing ; also with ace. of pers. and J,l ^Jl).~-^\15 VI. To sell to one another.
^\j aor. i. To be distinct and separate.. ^ Between, as f^Jj ^^ "Between his two hands," i.e. before him, in his presence ; This word, though commonly used as a preposition, is properly a DOUQ in the accus, meaning an interval, and sometimes a connexion ; when preceded by a
Digitized by
( 21 )
preposition it is dodincd, sec D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 493. jjIj Manifcjt, evident, i^ An evident testimony or doirioi:ofi\-:tioa, evidcnco, proof. J,llj An cr^position, cxi^liiiiation.— ^^4^ II. To sliovv, make innnifc^t, wake known, declare, explr.in, become ninnifest (with ace. and J or With J of pers. and ^0. ^^w* part. act. mfinifest. — ^ui IV. To inahe viawfc^t^ to articulate distinctly, see 43 v. 52. ^w n.a. An ar^^umcri, clc:.r djir^onstration, eloquence^
faculty of clearly explaining', cxphiip.tion. ^^ part. net. That which is nianifcit, open, •perspicuous.— ^;--J V. To bo or become mani- fest, clear (with J or ^1 or with J and ^1 ); to be diotiuct (with ^;«); to be made known (with J); to perceive, as [^1 ^^\ t^^^Ilj 34 V. 13, "The Genii perceived that;" also, to use discernment, or discrimination, vid. 4 V. 06, and 49 v. C— J^G^^ X. To be mani- fest. ^jSl*^ part. act. same as ^j^^ ..
cl? By; proposition prefixed as a form of oath to the word ^1, as fl U " By God." cu^l7 An ark. Lit; n.a. ii. f.of IJl q.v. j>\i V. f. of ^\ q.v. J, jlJ V. f. of ^; J I q.v. (jlt; 2 pers. sing. aor. cond. of ^! q.v. :^\j n.a. ii. f. of Jl for J^Vq.v. c-^ To ait ojf^ perish. <— ^Cj Loss.— i^....-^ n.a. II. f. A loss, detriment. jUsee^.
yj»*^ 2 pers. sing. nor. cond. viii. f. of J1-j q.v. J-J aor. i. To break, destroy. jW Destruction.— jJi II. To break in pieces. ---cJ n.a. Utter des- troction.^,-£^ part. pass. Destroyed, broken up. \J^ V. f. of T^ q.v. ^-v.f.of^>;q.v. 1^ V. f. of 'Jq.v. ^ aor. a. To follow. ^ and j-jU A follower, one who follows, or attends upon any one, ^ Name and title of the king of the Hiraya- rites. ^^ A helper, protector.— Ip! IV.
To follow, follow up, make to follow (with double ace); to pursue, prosecute, continue; Ex. "CL ^U 18 V. 83, "Then he con- tinued his way."— »ju^« part. act. VI. f. Suc- cessive.— j--j1 VIII. To follow, follow up. cll'l n.a. A following after. j-w# part. pass. One who is pursued.
^^^ V. f. of^b q.v.
L,, ..;■.■•;■> n.a. u. f. of u^.^ q.v.
\p or u^ fe°i« One after auothe** ; said to be derived from Jt^ q.v. see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 293.
ei^^-w^ n.a. u. f. of l::---j q.v.
^^Slsr vi. f. of .U^ q.v.
r aor. o. To traffic* i^lar Merchandize, traflic,
bargain, merchandizing.
' ^ ^^ i» /• ^ " ^^^>.yM.>y V. I. 01 \jt^ q.v.
^Jl4=^v. f. ofi>- q.v.
^jobc" VI. f. of ^jcs^ q.v.
Jjlae^n.a. vi. f. of jli q.v.
Loir 7%a^ n?AfcA is helow^ the lower part; This
word, which is properly a substantive, is used
{though not in the Kordn) as an adverb, and
Digitized by
(22)
h then inJeclinr.lilj, 83 f^::^^ Do:vn, bclosv; "When employed as a- preposition it is put in
• tno accus. c:wsr Beneath, aa c?/-^^ lii^ost U 20 V. 5, "That which ia beneath the earth;" If preceded by ^ it is put in the genitive, aa ll^^ "From beneath it," see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p.509, andT. 2, p. 152.
,jf^.r5rv. f. of4.^;r>*q.r.
j}^jSsrTi.Vk, ii. f. of ^ q.v.
^^t*^.ssc V. I. or ^^fc-b^w q.v,
JOset see Jil .
J^j^ n.a. ii. f. of Jl>- q.v.
^.oKr see . «:>- •
\j:^\ss^ yi. f. of cr-ojj;- q.r» J!i^v. f. of^ q.v.
C^csT see u-5b*-.
JjJ V. f. of is q.v. Jj jj n.a. ii. f. of J i q.v. ^\j From ciJ^J q.v. See also D.S. Gr. T. 1,
p. 293. ^J ace. plur. of f^J A breast-bone : It seems doubtful whether this word ought not to be derived from ^j q.v. 4I1J To hate much earth, to hold earth in the hand. ilAj Earth, dust. ^LV^I plur. of ilijl Of the same age. Ji^^J (2nd declension) plur. of £j;J A breast-bone. JE^VPoverty; LXL* ^^ U 90 V. 16, "A poor man intimately acquainted with his mother Earth." OJJ V. f. of J; q.v.
cj^i/seejj;. ^^
«.j5^ To enjoy the good things of this l\fe.^\^J^
. ' ly. To bestow the f;ood things of this life (with
tec. of pers. and ^^. ^J^ P*^'^* P^®**
Endo\;ed wit!i— and licace, enjoying— the good things of this life. Ciy aor. 0. To leave, leave alone, abandon (with ace. and ^ , ^ , ffi^. ^ or ^ ) ; c-.-j-^^ 'M 3^ ^^Ji 5 ^iSr 23 V. 1, " Do men think that they shall be left r.lonc iu-:?.ying?'* i.e. "That it ia enough for them to say;" ^ \^; etc. 37 v. 76, "And we left (thcce words, or this blessing) upon hin ;" with an ellipse of /•KJl I JJ^ or siruilar words. CS/^ part. act. One who leaves, or leaves out; ^j\5 for ^J^j^ 11 V. 50, as being ante- cedent to the word ^21, "Wo will not leave our Gods,"* D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 183.
*>2^ V. f. of Jlj for J;jj q.v. J^' V. f. of JlJ for JbJ q.v. ivwu^ see
111
K^^U
7 see C5 •
j-A*J The number nine : For observations on the numerals, see^^. ^^y^ Ninety.
^^.♦yyyJ 2 pcrs. slug. aoF. pass. ii. f. of U^ q.v.
^j;.M...7 Tasneem, name of a fountain in Paradise, said to be so called, because conveyed to the highest part of heaven ; from >il To be tall (a camel).
jyjj v. I. of jl-* fOTjy^ q.v.
J15 3 pers. fem. sing. aor. cond. of ^C q.v. ^lii 2 pers. plur. aor. act. iii. f. of j;-£ q.v.
N.B. There is no diflference between the active
and passive, jjlij see Jui . iiXaS n.a. ii. f. of 1j^ q.v.
Digitized by
^y->sj
( 23 )
luLaJ n.a. 11. f. of ^J^ q.v.
^.yiui? see ^jJ^} viu. f. of ,^ .
ijj 2 peri, sin J. aor. cond. iv. f. of ^ll? q.v.
^.a. 2 per3. sin^j. aor. iv. f. of ^u£ quadri-
literal verb, rt. ^^rls q.v. c^.jjj V. f. of ^ q.v. ^^; V. f. of JU^ forj^ q.v. jki; 2 pcr3. Einj. aor. cond. of 1a^ q.v ^i To perisl
47 V. 9,
C#^ I ^ t''
. ^j^<j n.a. Destruction ; ^ UJu ilay perdition seize them."
^Cu vi. f. of UsI q.v,
n.a. V. f. of
q.v.
^\j6 n.a. vi. f. of ^ q.v. .
^j^ 3 pera. fern. sing. aor. anerg. of^ q.v.
t^ n.a. V. f. of l?'i q.v.
^lif n.a. VI. f. of^ q.v.
tu^jllf n.a. vi. f» of ti^U q.v.
To perform the sacred rites at Mecca; also, to cleanse. tSJj Two interpretations are given of this vrord ; according to one it means filth, and according to the other, the observance of certain rites and ceremonies imposed upon the Pilgrims at Mecca, among which were cleansing the person, shaving, etc. Thus the phrase *1^ ^y-^^ 22 v. 30 may mean, " Let them put an end to their want of cleanliness,*' or, "Let them complete the rites" above mentioned.
J^^fisJ see d^. '
jfseej;.
I'ju see ^^ . ^■;juJo see^^jcli. ^ Nature^ mud.-^^] IV. To establish firmly. This verb is not found in the primitive form. JfS V. f. of J\j q.v.
jjrJSjn.a. of^jq.v. Miyj n.a. ii. f, of /•b q.v.
Jj aor. i. To /car. ^\ (2nd declonaion) comp. form, Greatly fearing, mo^t pious, ^^ God- fearing, devout. Theao wonh seem to owe their derivation to tlio viii. f. of ^^^ q.v. tlx? for ^. 2 pers. sing. aor. cond. of J,IS q.v. j)^ n.a. ii. f. ofJlS q.v. ;j To lay prostrate (v.ith ace. of pers. and J). ^i: n.a. vi, f. of ^ q.v.
^-v.f.of^q.v.
^Ii]j n.a. of^^q.v.
^^ V. f. of ^ q.v.
(JJli; fem. of diCJ J q.v.
^^^seeQ. 17 aor. 0. To follow, rehearse, read, declare, medi- tate (with ace. of thing and ^Sl of pers., also with ace. and , J). Note. The \ called v-jJ \ ^Uy 1 , or Alif of precaution, is sometimes found added to the words yL and ^ , though pro- perly only added to servile j to distinguish it fromjawrf, D. S. Gr.T.l, p. 109. cL^QlS* fem. plur. of Jl5 part. act. "Those who read." ijlJ n.a. A reading.
\j^ see j^jJ. J? aor. i. To be entire, complete, perfect, fulfilled (with ^^ of pers.).— Ji IV. To complete (with ace. and J< or c-^ of thing, also willi ace. and ^Sl, ^\, or J of pers.) ; to perfect, accomplish, fulfil, perform. a\aj n.a. Some- thing complete, perfect; Ex.tl^lifl^ ^^y ^^ CUj 6 V. 155, " We gave Moses the Book, a perfect Law," etc. ^ part. act. One who makes perfect.
Digitized by
U;
(24)
w^
JlJUj plur. of Jl^ # see jL^.
4jrjU/ vi. f. of v_c^ q.v.
^^j^ 2 pers. p}ur. aor. viii. f. of ^f;^ q«v.
^2^ V. !• of j-i-t q.v.
^Jo^J V. f. of I!'--" q.v.
^ '^ /• /• ^ ^ ^^^i^J V, I. of ^t q.v.
Jua5 see jU .
J--4J forj-i4Cj, seejtf.
^uJ VI. f. ofjJ q.v.
j^^llj vi. f. of l^^' q.v.
cJiIj vi. f. of cjj q.v.
yji^ n.a. vi. f. of jjiU q.v.
jJjjpJ n.a. ii. f. of J^ q.v.
^jt*k^ v. I. 01 (^/-Jij q.v. J*ii5 n.a. ii. f. of Jii^ q.v. ^^ An oven (a n?orcf of foreign origin) ; it also
means a place whence waters gush forth. Li7 see y^y lyjJseeJ^Aj.
,jr^\y VI. I. of c5;^ q-V«
^\y vi. f.of^jq.v.
IjIj aor. 0. To repent towards God (witli ^J^; to turn onc's-solf in a repentant manner; to relent towpcJs men,— as God,— (with . Jx).
s
lS^ and ij J Eeperifanco. c-^l? part. act. One who repents. cl^'jJ Very repentant, re- lenting. tl>ll« A penitent conversion ; fJ! t«j'I^ 13 V. 29, " Unto him must be my conversion;" c-^l^* is hero put for ^t-<,
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 459.
^ fir, . .s
^yysee^Jl. ^^
jl5 for JIj 7b ^^ round. ij\J A time, rjji The. Pentateuch.
J,!;^ see ^jj .
J^y see ^j .
jufy n.a. u. f. of joj q.v.
jsy V. f. of jSjq.T.
Jyv.f.of Jj'q.v.
jjTjJJ see u^i *
^..^ V. r. of ^ q.v. *^ A 6g; no verbal root. il5 aor. i. To wander about distractedly (with ^).
kXw To be firm, steadfast, constant. ls-o15 part, act. Remaining firmly fixed, firm, steadfast. cLyJ Steadfast, fixing.— vi^^ H. To confirm,
■J v * *<
set fast, establish (with ace. and c->). e:.^-^ n.a. A confirmation, establishment. — Li^l IV. To confirm ; to keep in bonds, 8 v. 30.
tj aor. 0. 7£> keep back, lose, perish, j^ Destruc- tion, j^l^ part. pass. One who is lost.
^ To keep back, hinder. —l^ II. To make slothful. • ^, * ^^
2 To collect, congregate. c-?CJ 4 v. 72, " In bodies ; " accus. plur. of io the fem, of ^ for ^%P A company or body of men. Note. Many nouns in the fem, sing, lose their third Radical when it is s^ yOv ^\ where they take the regular form of Plural this Radical is some- times omitted, and sometimes retained ; see D. S. Or. T. 1, p. 358.
Digitized by
(.tl^)
«r
s,^.
J aor. 0. TojloTV. ^ t-/ Pouring forth Rbundantly . ^A^ To he ^ZzV/5.— j^prl IV. To do tomdlung greats
make a great slaughter (with ^); slay in
great numbers (with ace. of pers.). CJ) aor, !• To blanie.'-L.^Jj n.a. 11. f. Blame, j^y 7b i^ 7w^/5/, as the earth after rain, ^^j for
vjp and 4jfjj, and with the article u^^ The
Earth. clJu 7& cfl2/5^ tojlow. ^\ji A serpent.
di5 aor.o. To perforate, penetrate^ sJdne. k— ^^li part. act. Shining; v^liirisrlH 86 v. 3, "The star of piercing brightness," by some supposed to be Saturn, which is called l-^1^ 1 .
uJjJ aor. a. To find, catch, take, gain the mastery over (with accus. of pers.).
JaJ To be heavy, grievous; to be a grievous matter (with,^). ^J^ \ generally interpreted to mean "men and genii," as at 55 v. 31, dual of JiJ Baggage. Jl^l plur. of JlJ A burden. J-iJ Heavy ; Plur. JUj . J^lLj A weight.— JUJl IV. To grow heavy, oppress, weigh down. Jil^ Fern, iili^ part. pass. .Burdened; ZxH^ ^jJ J.^ 35 v. 19, "If a burdened (soul) cry out;" the word ^jJj being miderstood. — JjU^ for Jjli5 VI. To be borne down heavily, incline heavily down- wards (with ^^; For the employment of those forms which take teschdeed on -the first Badical, see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 220.
Jj To perish. iU A crowd, a number of people.
tion 1*15 and ^^ Two-thirls, D. S. Gr. T. 1,
p.415. JJUFem.liJlf Third. c.^l'lThrocby three, in threes, or- three pa: ri; Ex.Xii^l ^y
-•«
* 35 V. 1, Having, two and
;ii
aor. 0. To take a third part of anything. vlii and liJiJ Three (see !L^). jT,^ Thirty. liJiJ One third part ; Dual ^uU and in conjunc-
threo and four pairs of wing3 ;" At 4 v. 3 may be rendered "By throes;" This word is of the second declension, it answers to the Latin T^r;22^ ; D.S. Gr. T. 1, p. 426.
IJ aor. 0. To tread. J There, in. that direction. J Then (after an interval).
Jj^ Thamood, name of an ancient tribe of Pagan Arabians, destroyed for their impiety. This word in the Koran is always of the 2nd de- clension; see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 405.
y^ To hear fruit. jAj Fruit, wealth, possessions. ijAj A fruit; noun of unity or individuality; see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 300.--^''! IV. To bear fruit.
^ aor. 0. To take the eighth part, ^jaj A price. ^ One part out of eight. ^^ The eighth. jjUj (for ^Cij) fern, and «tjUj masc. Eight ; seeJiLs, see also ^^iL^, rt.^ . ^,y U5 Eighty.
^ aor. a. and i. To bend, fold, double. ...U for j^U The second ; also part. act. Turning, as /ilL Jjili 22 V. 9, "One who turns his side," or " A turner of his side," i.e. Proud. ^^Ui! * masc. and ij<^\ fem., and in the oblique cases ^^yi^\ and ^^^^\ Two. JLz Hit masc. and ijJLe, lili| fem., and in the oblique cases J^^\^ and i^Lc ^^J^\ Twelve ; These forms which admit only the above inflexions are considered as adverbial expressions; D. S^ Gr. T. 1, p. 420. ^Jl^ Jij twos, in pairs, two and two; another form of this numeral
4 Digitized by VjOOQ IC
(23 )
c;-
(bi!^ not fbuni ia tl- T^ciA::) '^ 'Tli; The. : forms n-'C e'^/iivp.loi't to tlio Lntiu E'lrr: ; poo <X?!L'. i.,'i', aiil with tho articlo ^^'li i A nr-rito.2;lv:n cl'J; r to tlie wholi? KoiAn, or to thooO pr.-.jr.£;c3 vrlilch arc frequently r-^pe:.teJ ; some intci'prct it to m:an t];o first cli^pter, a3 at 15 V. 87, ^^:'I1V J^.^ LVIJ lItCT " Y/o have given thee seven (versos) of t!:030 which ere to bo frequently rcpe:^teJ;" others in- terpret it to mean the seven long ch-^ptors. j^ll^ for ^^lL« without the nuunation (Sin^. ^J^^)f is one of those irre^^ular plurals which nro c? tlio second doclonslon, with this pecu- liarity, that in the nominative and genitive they prcie^Te the tanween, as ^iL^, but reject it in the accusative, as ^}i^^ ; ihe L\tter vrord occurs tit 09 V. 24, where it may bo rendered "double or repeated portions ;•" see D. S. Qr. T. 1, pp. 410 and HI § 220. The rule as given by the grammarian ilotarrezee is as follows: Speaking of those irregular plurals which are of the second declension he says, " If the second of the two letters which follow Alif quiescent happen to be a v/ it is sup- pressed in the nom. and gen. and the tanween
•ouh t."iii\vc;:;L." For r.u eKplAna'-ic^ of the pa.^op.-e at o9 v. 2i f:o LllLi, rt. 24.
Note. Other einicu] :ri I^ive obo h' ^n n.-
:d
to ^IL^, ai Ji^, JS/.,
or,
To make an CAception, r..3 ^,^:jwj 'Jj C3 v. 13, "And they did not mr.':e en cric-^pfion" (by saying iJlVAl ^[).
i^^\j aor. 0. To'rctur^i. c-^^lJ A reward. (^Jj plur. of ilA* Taim :r.t. i'lL« A p'ace of resort. Ju^LCAre\vard,recompen3'e.--c->y IL Torepay (with double ace.).— 4--bM IV. To reward with, give as a recompense (with douhle ace).
jU aor. 0. To he stirred up (^as dii6t).^Jj\ IV. To plough, break up the earth, excite, raise (as dust, clouds, etc.).
^J aor. i. To abide in a place, jU for ^.U part. act. A dweller, ^jy^ A dwelling, abode; il^ ^J \ 12 V. 21, " Make his abode honour- able;" see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 113.
lI^ (no first form) To have connexion^ as a husband and n'lfe, u^w A woman who has left her husband after the first interview.
m^ Jibt, An idol, false deity.
>-'To bind, make fast. j\J^ Strong, powerful, gigantic, having absolute power, proud, per- verse. JllslfThe Mighty One, a name of the Deity.
j\p^ -aor. a. To low, supplicate God with groaning ' oij^ The Angel Gabriel (with j1 ofpers.). CJuIli- (2nd declension) Goliath. \^^^ To cut off. s.^^.^ A well, cistern.
jl>- aor. i. and 0. To form, create. JI>- Plur. jCcj- Amountain,and especially Mount Sinai.
Jj»r>" and iL:>- A crowd, multitude; ii-Jl ^Pfse V. 184, "The former generations;" see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 268. To he cowardly, ^j^ Cowardly; the temple, side of the forehead.
Digitized by
(^7 )
^C^ r.or. a. 'lo cirUcon tJijjor\::ciL iU^ plur.
of .L-^ A forehcid. C.->- for U>- cor. a. r.nd i. To col!o:t or ^Mther
tribute, or C3 t-ibuto (wiili ^\ of p!:co).
t-,j;C^l Poet, licence for ^^:''j^') pin.-
C» ^ I -* ' 4
4LjI>- a cistern, see »^*>-, rt. ^ j:- ; see also
^ll^, rt. ^.— ^^^^ VIII. To choose (va:h
ace. and ,.^ or . Jj). «i^ Tbc?/^^.— cXc^!^ VIII. To tear up, root
up (with ace. and jy (j^)« l£>-.aor. i. nnd o. To He tvltk the Ireast on the
ff round, /A^ part. act. One lyin^ on his
breast.
li:^ aor. i. and o. To knccL ll/S- Fern. ii'\^ . •> • ^ ->' •
part. act. Kneeling ; The Plur. is j^l^j- for ^^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 103 and 3G2." 1^ To deny, refuse, reject (with •*-?).
IsrT aor. a. 7b /'/y/^^ a fre. mt^jst^ fem. Hell,
hell-fire, any fiercely burning fire. j^ aor. i. 7b be of great rvealth or d'jnity, jl?-
■ S ^ S ^ p
Majesty, glory, J^J^ New. ja:^ plur. of
ij^ A track or way on a hill-side.
«^Jc>- Plur. cjljc>-l A sepulchre; no verbal root.
^Jc>- To he covered rvitk pustules, to fence in. j\s>' Plur. Ji^- A wall. Ji>- 1 More fitting or easier, compar. form (2nd declension), D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 403.
Jjk>- aor. i. and o. To trvist Jirmly. j !>- In a contentious manner ; f ♦!>- J ^ clXJ '^^ t« 45 V. 58, " They only propounded this to thee in the hope of a dispute." Jlj^ A dispute.— J jI:>- III. To dispute (with c-> of means and ^ or ^ of subject) ; to dispute with (with
ace. of i rs.), sj aV-VJ C V- ^-^ ''T;.u they Bnoiild di.^pt-i'e ^vlth you;" ^/J;:j'4-*' 7 V. C9, "^ ill yc dl:p::-o ^/iili n^c?" >J^'4-» part, act, fcri. Ono v.lio J' ; i.cs. j*.ju>- To hasten. jUv-- A u:o!:en i^ioco; Ij^jo- la
J^iJLsr* UninL'rruptcd.
cjc>- 7b /vrp -icltloiitfcod, c:Ap:it?J\ cjv=- Plur.
&^
Tiic t:an:<cl'aP.^■::a-tr(.o.
\jc>- aor. 0. 7b stand frm. l*^ A b'!rninc: corl or firebrand. >• aor. 0. To draw, dm '^ (v.itb ace. and , Jl).
^Jl>- 7b rcoinid, jj^.in, r,cqiii:'.j for on o's-i :"!:'. Jl/-- plur. of--^ A vronnd. ^^C-C. (Cud djoloa- sion) plur. of Is^X^ E:?-3'3 of prev. — ^X^^ VIII. To endeavour to acquire : "^jJ^ (4;T;^Tlj:i^J:^T45v. 20, ''Thc32 vrho seek to do evil."
Sj^- To tear ojf, j|^ coram. g3ud. noun cf species, A locnst.
jj>- aor. 0. 7b ent ojf. jjs>^ Dry (ground) bare ofherbacre.
c^ 7(? drink (ji'ater),^^^ V. To sip.
uJ^ aor. 0. 7b carry ojf the Tvliole of amjtJilng. i-j^ A water-worn bank of earth.
^^^ aor. i. 7b comrsiit a crime, to drive one (into sin, with ^\ of following verb). VJ^ A sin ; I^ if No doubt! An adverbial expression, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 521.— ^j^l IV. To be guilty of sm. /♦yr; n.a. bm. j^^^ part. act. A
smner.
•;
^y.^ aor. i. To flow, run, happen (with J, also with 15? or ^\ ). iijV:>- part. act. fem. Running, a vessel ; The Ark, C9 v. 11 ; Plur. ^llrC-, and with the article ijj^j^ I , for which by Poetic
Digitized by
^fr
(C3 )
lic.:n,3 is c;;b3'itntcJ iC^Vl loLli in t' o no- niimitiTO aii .1 gorativo c.v.v?, £:e note oo . p^u.*, rt. j5; see abo D. S. Gr. T. 9, p; 497. JJ;^ for ^f.'*' D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, Tbe couioc of P. uMp, n-1 l>l'^-7:^ 11 V. 43, "During L :• :cur-;" 1). S. Gr. T. 1, p. 118, ij^r,>i\a. To tc.':<: apartofiiKytUrj. ^^ A part, portion, indiviJfi^.lit;; At 43 v. 14 the word \*j>- i.r by soino tdkea to mean "Danjliters."
^y^;- 2o-j:l:cS ever, and t^ To bo imp:itiont. Ui^ Im .'.lieatly.
l^ Gor. 0. To suhdiie, and 4,.?^ nor. i. To satisfy, ic- compen3eforgc0vlorevil, jivoP3arc-.varJ(\Yith double ace. or wi'h ace. or cy oflbir: j for which ■ re.vard, etc. is £,'7cn); to givo an equivalent, or make satisflict ion for (v;ith Ji or with double ace). jl>- for c-?j^ p^' t. act. One who makes satisfaction for another (with ^^). 3<|j^ Com- pensation, satisfaction, equivalent, retribution, reward. ^J=r Tribute, especially that exacted from Jews and Christians.— 4^l:>- III. To reward.
\ju^ aor. 0. To handle.^-jL^ . V, To inquire curiously into (by handling, etc.).
jLuj>- To stick to the hochj (blood). juu:>- n.a. A body; \11^ ^ 7 v. 146, " A calf in a bodUy •shape." To have a large body. ^m*s>^ A body, Plur, ^ll^l ; ^llXt 63 V. 4, "Their Persons.** .
jjc>- aor. a. To place, put, impo3e> make, appoint, constitute, ordain, attribute (with J of pers. and ace. of thing or with double ace. also with ace. and ^ , ^^Jlc, or j^) ; to hold, regard or esteem, as at 29 v. 9 ; Used with ^\ of follow- ing verb at 56 v. 81. J-^^ part. act. He who places, etc.
V^ Toc-t C'::::n c-djc m ::-n:i the haul: (c 7:.'_r).
flJr Fro% a^ ^ILf ^ill 13 v. 13, "It ■ r--3o!:ill:ofrct!-." * * ^JS- To scr:: vp c^z-.ch f::Ji. m a Icry^ d'oh,
^IIj*- plnr. of JlL^ A larj> ^liih, trcr.clior. (^ ?or. 0. and i. To tr:-it /:.vjZ>.-. J'Jr YI. To
be rcmoTcd from (vilh ..^).
2:-:3ty.
j^ aor. i. To be ghrLvJ. Jl;
>- aor. i. and o. To drag, ^^:.\'^.— Ll-^L•^-l IV. To attack, a^.^ault (v.ith ^:). .
sLJl^ To put on a cL'IL-. cl-''i^ (Ond declen- £:oa) plur. of c-?Li:>- A larje outer covering worn by women.
jirp aor. i. To ?vound the.shin, scourge. JjOo^ n.a. A ?ic'''nx\n^, blow with a rod. *xb>- Plur. jjl>- Skins, hides.
^p^ To sit 2>. Eastern /as/Jon, in which respect it differs from Joo. *^^Ls:« (2nd declension) plur, of^^Ss^ A place of sitting or assembly.
^hf aor. 0. 7b i^ clear and manifest. *i^ Banish- ment.— ^^^^11. To make manifest, reyeal; ^l^ lil j^^^Tj 91 V. 3, " By the day when it reveals her (the Sun) in all her splendour." — -Xs^ V. To appear in glory (with J).
aor. i. and o. To abound.
Much.
ms^ aor.i. ana o. lo aoouna. ms>^
^^ aor. a. To be refractory.
aor. 0. To congeal^ to he f.rm. ij-^l^^ part. act. That which is firmly fixed.
w4^ aor. a. To collect, gather together, assemble, xmite ; to have connexion with, marry (with ^\ as ,^^1 ^ \jMA^ Jj 4 V. 27, (It is forbidden you) to take two sisters to wife," or "intermarry ; " to gather together— against, with ace. and J ;~at, with ace. of pers. and
Digitized by
(i:o )
J or Jl of time; it ia fil:o xmod v^llh ncc. end J^ 03 at 6 V. S5, end vrilU ^!^ of por- son3 ai:scniL:cl r.3 at 31 Y. 2 "J. jJ^ n.ci. AnrJ3o:nbly,-vjV:iudo, a [;--^.th:/.n3 tcj^aicr, crov;d ; ^;.- .r/:;'i' 23 v. 73, '' Y/lio have am-^ed (vr.;^Uli) more abund-mtly ; " Literal' j, " more nbuadiint in ara2::'3ir.2 (wc:ilth); ^cJ\ (♦^y. ^C;ir3 V. 149, ''The day of the maetias of the two ho:f3;" Jj^J ICL^ Cl^ 7o v. 17, " Upon 113 d:Tolvc3 the collection (of it3 scat- tered senbnccs), end the proper method of reading it." L^U- part. cot. One who jjathers tojother, etc. 2^^ A con-rc-ation, S3 ^^^ Jil^fThe day of the congregation, Friday. ^^.C Collected, assembled, all, an army ; At 36 V. 32 ^;^t^ i3 used for \y^f see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 540, r.ote : iX^ adverbuUly, Altogether, wholly. ^^1 Plur.^^j^^ \ All, The whole, ^r^^ place of meeting to- gether. \r^ V^^^* P^^* Assembled.— 1^1 lY. To agree together, concert a plan or design (with ^1 of following verb) ; to agree upon (with ace.).— j-^c^^ VIII. To be gathered together (with J) ; conspire (with 11). L^^ part. act. Gathered together.
J^ aor. 0. To collect, and J^ To be handsome. J^ A camel. JU^ Grace, elegance; JU^ \^/JjlQ V. C, " They are a credit to you." Ji^ Becoming, decorous, honour- able, gracious. ZUj^An aggregate, Bome- thing complete, as a sentence; ^^y^^j <lU>- 25 V. 34, "As one complete and perfect whole." iJlis^ plur. of jA^r A camel.
^ aor. i. To be covered; aor. o. To cover (with 1^), *^ collective noun, Genii, demons.
epirit^ 03 oppo3wd to men. Lu.^^- Plu.'. cjl:^'^ A ^:.rdon, ParaJi^.o. il>- A covering, cloak. ^1^ lladiic33, frenzy; \:z^i al^o in a ccllcc- tivo 8cn3e, or ai plar. of ^^ Gciill ; eco D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. £32. /I^T plur. of ^^r Any- thing cove, od, a f.otu3. ^\^ A serpent, genius, dc-on; ^l^ 1 15 v. 27, for ^.^rJl "The Father of Devih;" or the p.irt for the whole. Jinn or Genii. ^,1^^ r:irt. pr:3. Mad, pc:3:.v:od of tha Devil. Jj^ ror. i. and o. To turn aside, caiue to tufa from or avoid (with aco. and ^1 Ic-t). . v--.-:.^^ Plur. il^JJr A side ; uJl^^^ "r^^-] ^ ^• 40, "The familiar friend;" ^ JiS^ U JJif c^ 33 v. 57, ":^:hatIhhren-V:ctcd (of my duty) tovvards God." '-7'"^ -^ stranger, coming from afar. One SMiTurin,^ from pollution; u^ ^ 23 v. 10, " From afar off." lSjI>- A side, tract of country ; ^\^ J^ 17 V. 85, " Ee drew acide."— \S^^ II. To cause to turn aside, roniove away from (with double ace). — «— --^^ V. To turn away or withdraw one's-self from (with accX-JJ^l VIII. To turn aside from, avoid. s- ^ ,
J^ aor. a. i. and 0. To incline (with J). 'j-Ui>-
comm. gend. Plur. l^] A hand, wing, arm,
arm-pit ; ui^li>- u^^^j 1^ ^' ^^» " ^^^
behave with humility;" Literally, "Lower
thy wing." ^ll^r A crime.
xj>- Plur. JyJr An army, troops, forces, a host,
companions ; no verbal root.
IL^ aor. i. To decline; and i-J:^ aor. a. 2o • ^^"^
deviate ifram the truth). cJi5>- n.a. A swerv-
ing from the right way.— t^Vrri^ part. act.
VI. f. Inclining to evil (with J).
Digitized by
Kjr^
( CO )
^Jj>- aor. i. To n^thrr {fruit).
L5^ ^^' O^
Fruit: aa ..^
I ,,:^55v. 51/'Tho n-uit
Lf^'
of tho t\ro t: .;J ill/' D. S. Cr. T. 1, p. HO. ^^^ Ff :3li (d-;tc3) ready gr,thorecl. Jl^^ aor. a. 7b it? diligent. S^ n.a. A striving Tvith lui^lit and main; The vrordj ^^^^ \'=>r at 5 V. 53 and eiiovi'hsrc may bo tr:.n3latod "Their most binding oatlia." J^-:^ Pov-'er, ability; J^x.-^ ^i^..A-<:f 9 v. SO, "Taoy find nothing (to give) but tlia fiuit of their labour." — ^^^ III. To strive; contend ^vith, £ght— especially r^r.iast the enemies of IslAin — Ovitli a:c. of pei3. and ^f ^^^, as at 31 v. 14, a!:o^7ilIl ^, s-?, or J). jL%- n.a. A con- tending, striving, a goirg foiih to fl^'ht (in the Holy V/ar). ^5^-5* p^^rt. act. One who strives, one who goes forth to fight in the cause of Islam. ^^ aor. a. To be manifest, publish abroad, speak aloud (\Tith 4--> of thing and J of pcrs.). -4^ That which ia manifest, loud speaking, open and public speaking. \^^ Openly, publicly. Ij,^ Openly, visibly, manifestly. — ]J^^ ^•^' ^^^* ^' ^^ public, openly.
iv^
aor. a. To rush on a wounded man rvith intent
to slay him. jC^ Paraphernalia, things necessary for a journey.— -^^^ II. To fit out with provisions or other necessaries (with ace. of pera. and l-> of thing). J[^ aor. a. To be ignorant. J^l>- part. act. One who is 'ignorant. Oyc^ ^^^ ignorant and foolish. i^\^ Ignorance, ^^^^r State of ignorance, condition of the Pagan Arabs before the time of Mohammad.
r*r
fern. Hell, Gehenna, from the Hebre\^
DJH K^ITheValley of Hinnom, where human
HLicri.^.jo v/cre male bj C:-: to N'jl.oh: V'ln \>-v.rd en acjou'^^ of ilz fu.'ji;^;a or:;;In and fc;ni:une g..n'!^r is of the second declension; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 404.
jpj- Air, The Firmament.
<— >^o^ see U^.
;,>•••
4^l;>- aor. 0. To split, cleave, cut out. ^^fr ^^ answer, see iv. f.— lI^^-I IV. To return an answer, hence, to hearken to (with ace. of pera. or thing). i-----7^ p-rt. act. One who returns
an answer, as ^.^^*:^-7^^ 1*^ 37 v. 73, "And verily we returned a gracious answer;" Literally^ "And verily they who gave the answer were gracious."— t-^Ud-jl X. To re- spond (with J of pers. and ^1), to answer, hearken to (with J. of pers. or l-^).
jI:>- aor. 0. To he good. SCj>- plur. of j|o^ Swift coursers, do^ "El Judee," A name. of Mount Ararat.
Jl>- aor. 0. To turn aside, J^ Near, one who is near, a neighbour, ^j^^ part. act. One who turns aside.— ^jU- III. To be a neighbour, to dwell near (with ace. and ^^^-^J^ IV. To protect, deliver— from punishment, etc. — (with ace. of pers. and ^?^) ; ^2^ Jls^ /J 23 T. 90, "Neither is he protected of any;" Literally t " Neither is it protected over him," or " is any protection (thrown) over him : " for the use of Passive Verbs in an impersonal manner see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 129 ; see also at \j>^ .— ^lsi« part. act. VI. f. Near to one another.-^lsali^ X. To ask for protection.
jl>- aor. 0. Togo.-^^^ III. To pass on or over,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Digitized by
Digitized by
;U
( 31 )
to car.30 to izi3 ovci (v.itli uj of pers. and ace. of tliins).— JjU^ VI. To puos by or over (with ^).
iJ^^Jr ^^^- ^* T^ scarcb, explore.
cIp- ror. 0. To h'r^;^'or. ^^^ Hunger.
tJl>- rior. 0. 7b penetrate bhvanlly, to be hollow. lS^^- The belly, the interior.
A^ cor. i. To come, come to, arrive at (with ace. or with J, JV, ^^"^ or ^); with c^ it nioaus to couio with, i.e. to bring; Liko^l it mav somoiimea be rendered to do or commit (an action),. as at IS v.- 70 ; Vass. ^^ some-
times v/rlttcn 5 rw for ^, .- •-, ?.:, ... "o! 'u
c.V^
39 V. CO, " And the I'^OMhcti .-lirll be brou Jit." iV(?.^j. In the r,bovc form of coa ;huj'Ion ihri verb i3 iiuper^onal, likeTVy.'^vj er>t in Lr.tin ; 6ce D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 1?9.~'I:^1 lY. To mr^:o to come; hence, to lead or drive (vath ace. of pcr3. and ^p. j[>- aor. i. To cut out a garr.ient at the nech.
IS^ Plur. cl?4l>- The bosom of a s'tirt or
vest.
jI:^ for L^ aor. a. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 243, To hacc a long and hea'ltijid ncch. ^Vr ^ r.cch.
\^^^ aor. i. To Icce. l1>^ Grain, corn. <up- noun of unity. One grain. l«^^^ Love; ZLjl2^. 172, "Out of love for him," i.e. "for God." . c^-^"^ comparative adjective of the 2nd declension, D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 324 and 403, More beloved, more pleasing, pre- ferable. ^1^1 and with the affixed pronoun 5j lLv.T, the hamza being changed into j with damma in the middle of a word, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 118, plur. of «4^ Beloved. il^ Love.— (4-^ II. To render lovely (with ace. of thing and J\^ of pers.).— k1^\ IV. To love, will, desire, like (with ace. or with^^i of following verb).— j.-_.^^i-:^ X. To love, prefer (with ace. and ,^^).
^l^- aor. 0. To make beautiful, delight, make joyful. jCil plur. of^ ^^j^ ^ (Jewish) Priest or Doctor.
J^ aor. i. To restrain, hinder, shut up.
^ -^ aor. a. To be vain, fruitless, to perish (with ^ or^).— ll^l IV. To render vain; lau^pj
47 V. 34, aor. with j and ^ prefixed, " And he shall make (their works) of no avail."
tli^L^ aor. i. and a. To weave well (a garment^. d^LL plur. of CS^ A way or track; especially, the paths of the Stars.
JuL To take a wild beast icltk a snare or halter. 2^ n.a. Plur. J^ A rope, vein, compact, or covenant.
^^ir>- aor. 1. To inspire. fPs>^ n.a. A decree.
^^ Even to, up to, down to, as far as, until, in order that ; This particle is- used in four dif- ferent ways.
Ist. It is used as a preposition to indicate a certain term, and when thus employed governs the genitive case, as^^^l j-S^ ^j^ 97 v. 5, " Until the time of the riding of the dawn/'
2ndly. As a conjunction or adverb, meaning "and even," or "up to an extreme point inclusive;" thus it diflfers from ^^, which signifies "Up to," or "As far as, but not in- cluding;" Ex. 1^5 L?^ iL^Xd^^'l ate
Digitized by
( Ci )
ClJ.V- .
.-- V-
the fl :h, hc:A r.nJ fll ;" If v.o say L..;^ ^1 v.^c r.::.^a "an far n Iho head, nnd no fn/ilicr:" Ko ir>:^L-.nee of tliia uic oi ^J:^ occurj in tLo- .Kcrun.
3rdly, A3 a conjunction sc:- ring to connect apro^:o:itic:iv/ithtIiat\.liicIiirvCcJ'^nL;itth:n moans "iintil," andhaj grr-TrmiaticallynooiTcit on thec>ii:c?:'^!in2provo'--iLion; tlm3rt6v.l49, U^lj ylj jj^ji^ ^.j ^^^ jirit?^' ^^ e-NJ^if " In like manner did they who vr.^^.t befortj them accuso (the propheh) of flibohood, until thoy tr.'tod our seven Ly,^ Note, In the Korin it 13 frefjuently followed by 1 j|; D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 175 r.ud £03, 72^/e.
Lastly. It governs a verb in the snbjanctive mcod,TrhGn that verb has a future signification; it then means "until," or "in order that;"
E^- KsV vi u^^- yJ^ ^J^^ ^y I ^ . 12 v. 80, "I will on no account quit the -country, until my Father give mo permission ;" It may sometimes bear either interpretation ; thus at
" Then fight against (that party) which is in 1 the wrong, until (or so that) they return to obedience to God."
cLi To excite. l^^C Quickly.
1^ To contend with, go on a pilgrimage to (with ace). J^ n.a. The pilgrimage to Mecca. -^ same as ^. ^l>. part. act. One who per- forms the pilgrimager. ^^ plur. of iff^ A ringle pilgrimage^ a year. ijs?^k disputing,
cause of dispute, argument; as SjtyQiXi^X 6 V. 150, "The conclusive argument.**— — .U. III. To dispute about (with ^) ; to dis- pute with (with aco. of pers. and ^ or Jc^). — —.lac? VI. To dispute with one another (with^).
^ y ^
Y^T: c..cr, c::t oiU. c;;l'^ A v:•^ ci-'t^ln.
cl^^^* part. T^a:3. Sl.ut out (v;i:h JVl).
aor. 0. Ta Lh::Lr (with ^^). ^-^ n.a. Any- . thing 'forbL'1:a, u;:"!a-.:r.:l, a v.\;Il 0? i\',.v\,
undv\:t--nJi; -; Plur."//- A ho. 0. i.^v :X\'r^
ship ; yrj^i^^^ S3 v. 4, "For one glf:: J vlth
^ * " ^^ t intolIig:nce." J^-^X The cor.ntry in';abi!cd
by the tribe of Thamood; The T;-or'J3 .1 Jr** \jy^ OQ.Q.yyx tvi^ice la the 25th chap.; in the 24th verse tlioy appear to mean " Far be it from U3," like "i^e licitum sit;" In the 5Jth verse thoy mean "a v;all.v:hi:;h it is for- bidden them (the tvro Sv^s) to pr:3." !^J=^ Plur. (;l^ A roclr, £.:ne. ^yr^ Plur. cuC^ A private chamber, ji^ F^rt. pass. Forbidden.
*• aor. 0. Tomahe a camel lie dor:n; to restrain (with ace. and ^). j^r^ P-^t. r.ct. One who
hinders, a bar, dam to keep back water.
aor. 0. To sharpen, limit, de/ine. j^j^ plur.
of 4\>. A prescribed limit, ordinance. «x>«\>.
Iron, Plur. olj^ Sharp.— 3U. III. To hinder,
stand in the way of, oppose.
To be hximphacked. c-^a^w An elevation of
the ground : Instead of this word which occurs
at 21 V. 96 some copies have ^Jc>- signifying
"A grave." To be new, to happen. cI^jX A novelty,
event ; something which has lately happened,
a story, history, narrative, discourse; ^
ij TA^fSl V. 5, "The ludicrous tale."
cLj jI>.1 (2nd declension) plur. of vioa^
^ * 1^ jf ^ ^ ^ «— ^ p
Tales, sayings; i^JUJ] Jl».u ^^ «li^4*d
12 T. 6, " He shall teach thee the interpreta- tion of (dark) sayings;" cL^jU-I !iililX>- 23
Digitized by
( 03)
V. -!,1, " We" hiv.2 inadj HiL:n (idle) tn'. .</' or "li'co a t;:b tli.-.t is told."— cAC II. To d.:c].;:e, rr.icv.io, f.?i; laint 0<itli acj. of pcrs. c;> J ^J of Tic .tiling,).— LtjA^l IV. To ciuiso to La^f en, briii^ about, procluco (with ace. and J of pcrs.). C-^.Vr::"* pai't. priss. That wliicli is newly prO'IiiceJ or revealed.
j-\>. aor. i. 7^> surronv.d. (Ji}'^^ (2nd declension) plur, of I^A>- A garden planted with trees. .
jJl>. aor. a. To beware, take heed of, fear (with ace.
also with ^i of the y:ib).
jjc^ Precaution.
^j^^ aor. i. To prrforalc^ \.'.iCt\d. 3^ n.n. A pur- pose. {j**j^ To giiai\L (j^j>- collective noun, Gup.rdd. ^j>- aor. i. To desire ardently (with ,^). ^'ij^
£^\ £uporiaUve
Greedy, ea^^:r (wiHi ^J^s)
ov
:ni,
"^r
Joct^rr
•cedy.
.^>"
At
jJL>. n.a. Fear. jJU- part. act. One who is . .1 5 f t* -^
cautious, provident. jjA^l-^ part. pass. That
which is to be feared.— •
II. To caution
. against (with double ace.).
j»^ aor. a. i. and o. To become free, to he hot. J>. n.a. Heat. J!>. A free-man. ^^^ fern. A hot wind blowing by night, jj^ -Silk.— j^ II. To free from slavery, devote to the service of God. j,j^ n.a. The giving freedom, as i^jj^^ 5 V. 9, " The freeing of a; neck (from the yoke of slavery)." ]jj^ P^'^rt. pass. ace. " Dedicated to God's service,'.' 3 v. 31.
^-rir^ ^^^' 0* ^^ 5/?(9zY one*s goods, ^j^- fern. n.a. War. tL]^ Plur. l-1o^I^ (2nd declension) A private chamber ; a niche in the nail of a mosque marking the direction of Mecca, — c->;U. III. To fight against .(with ace. of pers.).
vi^ aor. i. and o. To till the ground, sow seed. *^^ n.a. A field, cultivated ground, produce of the same, fruits of the earth, tillage.
^j»^ aor. a. To be oppressed by closeness or dijficulty.
^^ n.a. Narrow, a restriction, difllculty, crime.
i^f^ To TTiUh diy, to corrupt ones-sef
the last estre:rjty from discacO. — ^j>' II. To instigate, excite (with ace. and ^^)»
uJ^.^ nor. i. To charg.:. ^/^ ^ verge, margin, manner; uJ/*- ^^ 22 v. 11, "After a way, or upon the verge— as it were— (of religion)." — kJ^il II. To pervert (with ncc. and ^). — i^j^i^ part. act. V. f. One vrho turns aside (with J).
j^ aor. i. and o. To g?iash the teeth, to lurn. (Jij^ Burning.— jj^ II. To burn.— jj^:^! VIII. To be burnt.
CSj>- To refuse ivhat is due, and CS^ To be moved. — lI^ II. To move (with ace. and l-^).
/^^ aor. i. To prohibit. ^j>^ A holy place, asylum. aj>^ plur. of |1\^ Prohibited, un- lawful, sacred, sanctified, as believers during the Pilgrimage. cl>l^^rThe Sacred Ordi- nances of God. (^jj^^ P^'irt. pass. Forbidden ; At 51 V. 19 this word seems to mean " Pre- vented by shame, or a sense of decorum*;'* at 56 V. 66 and 63 v. 27, " Hindered from enjoying the fruits of our labour." — /^ II. To forbid, make or declare unlawful (with ace. of the thing and ^Iz of the pers.). fijs^ n.a. Prohibition. ^^^^ part. pass. That which is forbidden or unlawful, declared sacred .
^j^ aor. i.* To decrease. --^^^ V. To seek.
To touch. ^j=^ Plur. <4^|^» A company.
Digitized by
c^;
( 31 )
cr-
troop, paity, sect) Tho:o who side with any one; JJ^^^f^SI 13 v. ll/'Viliichof the tv/o • parties;" ilcr.nin^ proLablyTIie Conipr.nioiis of the Cave or tlio Companions of /^r\/l mentioml in the 8th verso; c-_>Ur-jl The confeJci'atca montioncd in chap. 33 were a body of Infidels, who were lea^^^aed tcjother against Mohammad in tlie War of tKe Ditch ; Those at 40 v. St nro the Poopl^^Xoah, etc. who appear in ll;e next ver^e, (ffid vr^o were in league against the"|;.[^3r'net3 fuxiijic ci\iy J^ apr. 0. To grieve ; J^U- aorTaJ To be saa ; to be grieved about (with ^^ of r;or3. or thing). ^^ and ^^ ns
aor. 0. To jparch ?{/?,nttorly destroy^ A sound (sc. hissing). — \j^^ IV. To percei find, be aware of, feel (with ^ , or with ace and ^j^).— ^^/--u^ar V. To make inquiry after (with ^!]^).
!>. aor. 0. To reckon; i^^^^rw aor. a. and i. To think, imagine, to be of opinion, calculate (with ace. of thing, also with or without ^t; \ before following verb) ; see D. S. Qr. T. 2, pp. 74, 296, and 580, also 127, note. slJlL n.a. One who suffices, a sumciency, or that which one is obliged to regard as sufficient; Ex.
9^ ^ ^ f 9 ^ ^
^ iL^ 2 V. 202, "And Hell shall be his sufficient reward;" SjfCI-C 9 v. 59, "God is all-sufficient for us." »--r^^ P^^'* ^^^* One who reckons, or takes an account, an accomptant. c-^Vl^ Plur. ,^Ll». A reckon- ing, computation, account ; c-->ll>.^^ 2 v. 208, "Without measure;" ^ll>. 69 v. 20, "My account," for ^C^ ; The * al the end of this word is called ^.Jj>)] ^U ; The affixed
pron:..a ^-r^is h:re v/rittcn and pronounc^ ! s.;^, az is ;:: r.cntly tliO ca.:e; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 459. iw^-r^-*^ One v;Iio ia!:o3 au account. Tho v.:i ^,LJLj=w besides being the plural of iL)\L^ is also used as a collective noun mcan- irg rir.s or liglitning, and it is in this sen:o tliat i: h employed at 13 v. SS.—J-^U- III. To c:vl :: account for (witli ace. of pors. and c-j). L-,^A^ VIII. To calculate upon,- expect.
aor. :. and o. To envy (with ace. of pors. and jjj: ci" thing). JujW part. act. One v.ho envic5. Ow-j»- Envy.
aor. i. J") lay larc, to beivcanj. Sj^.^ Plur. t£jlll>. D. S. Gr.T. 1, p. 8o5, Sigliing, cause of si^L'ng; ^J-li. iJ 39 v. 67, "Ah! my sighir-g, (ahm^4^" Expressions of this kind are s; rlt and pronounced in a variety of ways, ', p. 90. ' jt^ Fatigued, part. pass. Stripped, destitute,— * X. To be worn out with fatigue.
S 9 9
aor. 2. To ad. (^y^-^ The usual acceptation of this word is A succession of unlucky nights ; At 69 T. 7 the phrase C^jL»- ^Ij 1 ^Uj may be inierpreted " For eight days in miserable succession."
3od or beautiful; in the latter cf these forms the verb is employed in a manner similar to the verbs of praise and ulunie M arri ^^ ; Ex. u-j; CSSi^\ ^^j,,,^ 4 v. 71, "They are excellent (in point of) company;" At IS TV. 23 and 30 two different forms of constriction occur in the same sentence, as \as3j% o ^ m...,"^ j S-^' j^ » f^ How delightful is their reward, and how delicious their couch;" D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 223 ei seq. ^jlL Goodness, beauty, excellence, kindness. ^m..,C Beautiful,
Digitized by
er**^
(35 )
gocJ, f.iir, 2r^ciou3, hj\nc].:omc.
tbin^i a benefit, gooJ, a good work. ^^
A goo J
masc. and fcm. plur. of ^T;:^i:«->- B(}autiful; ^C:^ <^)^^ 55 V. 70, "(Damsels) CAquisIco
and beautiful."
# -^ c *
CT**^
1 (2iid declensioiOcoinp.
form, not u:c-d adjcctively in conjunction Avith a Bubstnntivo, aa ,j^\ o^jt ^^^ ^'i^^ ^^^ substantive understood; Better, best, more or most excellent. Note. Words of the second declension when in connexion \Yith a comple- ment take the three inflexions, thus l^Uu>-b 7 V. 142, where the pronoun refers to ^J^<1 \.
^1^ fern, of j^^li-i, when used substantively means a good action, good thing, happy state, happy end ; Dual ^^LlLs: ! and in th^ oblir|'i3 cases ,.>t^r.Mjc! 1 9 v. 52, " The two most excel- lent things," viz. Victory and Martyrdom; For the Rules which govern adjectives in the comparative form I must refer the reader to D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 301 et scj.—^^] IV. To do well, act uprightly, act with kindness (with S-', or with ^\ or J of the pers.); to render agreeable, make beautiful (with ace. of thing and J of pers.). ^CJl^ n.a.. A*doing good, a kind action, kindness, well-doing. ^J^*^ part. act. One who does well, acts righteously, a righteous man.
aor. 0. and i. To gather together, and hence, to raise from the dead, to banish (with ace. and ^Ji or ^1&, used in the Pass, with J or ^\). jZ*^ n.a. An assembly, banishment, emigration; at 59 v. 2 the words JlIM J^i refer to certain Jews who were banished by Mohammad. ^l>- part. act. One who assembles, jy^"^ part. pass. Gathered to- gether.
,,i>. nor. i. To scatter grarcl^ cast ialo tLcftrc.
L^— -::^ That which is ci\st into the fire, fuel.
sl^<>^ A violent v/iad brln^^-in-:: with it a
shower of stones. _^,ls^-"^ To become manifest. :w aor.-o. and i. To reap, j'-^i^- n.a. A roriping,
harvesting. J^^-^^ Harvest, mown dcvn,
utterly destroyed. ^ aor. Oi To bring into d'}Jy.:ulty^ besiege; ^^o>.
aor. a. To be restricted, hindered (vrith ^^1 of . the followin'i^ verb). • j*o^ Chaste, ^r^-^^
A rrison.--^^l IV. To prevent, kcjp b::ck
— from a journey, etc. — (v.ith ^).
To^ he occr ani alovc, to be manifest, — II. To make manifest. ^j^ To be stronglg fortlfcd^ and ^j^s^ To hccp
at home, ^y^^^ P^ur. of ^,.::j>. A fortress.—
^^^ part. pass. II. f. Fenced in, fortified. —
^^^1 IV. To keep safe (with ace. and ^?^),
or in safe custody, to marry, ^j-^^* part. act. One who is chaste or continent, i^.zj^:'^ part. pass. fem. A married woman, one who is chaste and modest.— ^^..^isr n.a. V. f. Chastity. ^ aor. i. To strike rvith a pebble. ,<*a>-l for ^j^\ comparat. form, Clever in calculating (with J of the thing calculated); D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 310.— ,^^.=r^T IV. To number, calculate, compute, take an account of, know. ^^^ aor. 0. To incite any one, mstigate (with ^J^). — ^Ls^ VI. To urge one another (with ,^JLs). aor. 0. To be present to, or present at, stand in presence of (with ace. of pers. or thing) ; to hurt, as at 23 v. 100, ^^^iir ^1 (for ^^jiic) "Lest they hurt me;" D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 570. jAL part. act. One who is present at, present, clbse upon, as^^^ \/e^
Digitized by
(3C )
L^
7v. 1C3, (The tov.n)"clo^o upon tlie eo.V viz. Tlie town of Elr.tli, r.lout v;hicli v: fablo ii L^re tulJ, <n*l v/hi^h i.j r.lio r ferroJ to r.tS V. Cl.-3^iil IV. To prc.ait, hnu- into tlio pro30iice of, cause to be pre^iont, put for^'arJ (with double ace.); ^\
V. 127, " (Axon's) eouls are prone to — Lit, are mr.Je to be prcHcnt with— coTetou::iejs:" see LVj Sa'^y's o^jorva^ions on the con : traction of the Pi- :3ivo Voice, Or.T. 2, p. 103. Jl^^part. pa-=3. One v/l:o i3 made to-be present, brought forv\TrJ, given over to (puniiliment).--^!^^ ilcvlo presont, part. pass. > ill. f. This word oco'iri at oi V. 23, ^.rl^^ ^-/^ J^; The paa- snje is rata:r obscure, but it scenes to imply tb:;t c:ich portion of water sliould bo divided among those who vrero present ; viz. The She- Camel and the Tribe of Thamood on alternate days; see also 20 v. loo. £>. aor. 0. To put down, Pry. A putting dorvn, remission (of sins), forgiveness; A word by some thought to signify the profession of faith
v«^Ji5w aor. i. To abound in ivood, C-^^ Fire- wood, fuel.
Ji>> aor. i. To break into small pieces. f'lL>. . That which crumbles away through dryness, iikd \ A name of Hell.
)o^ aor. a. To he in good circumstances. iL^ n.a.
A part, portion, a fortune, good fortune. jL>^ To prohibit, hinder, jj^^ part. pass. Hindered.— Jilsr^ part. act. VIII. f. One who builds a fold for cattle.
c-c>l aor. i. To surround (with ace. and <— ^). cJU- part. act. One who goes round about.
aof^ i. 7b run hastily, minister.
^jj^>^
Dar^^hloiM, Gr.:::tl*^Mldrv:i : a '^olloctivc noun ; D. S. Cr. T. 1, p. C^2; or it in.iy be a plural
s s
ji^ To d\j, ji.^ A pit. JJU- A b<yj'.r.n\ng, original s'r.te, f .riner condition.
Lll>. aor. a. To hcep, guard (v;ith aoc. r.nd ^^\ • to take care of. ILL>^ n.a. A guarding, a keeping; lliL^ As a gnard. lii'^ part. act. One who gaardo, keeps watch ; a guardian, keeper (with ace. or with , J), iuii-?- an irregular plur. of lij'^ Guardian (Angels). iLii same as l^iU-, used with ^J^ in the 6en:3e of watcliing over evil doings; at oO v. 31 it is used in the sense of one who keeps (God's commandments), l^^jls^ part. pass. Kept, v/ell-guarded.— lii'o- III. To cl:orve strictly (with j^).— llL^C^ X. To commit to one's keeping, or one's memory.
^Ji^ aor. a. To go barefoot, honour greatly, ^^^i:^ Thoroughly acquainted (with ^z) ; gracious, kind (with ^-?). — ^^J^^ IV. To be importunate towards any one (with ace).
fj£>^ aor. i. and o. To be right, just or fitting, worthy of, to be justly due to (with ^Is) ; (J^j^ tl^l jJi! 1 /ji 22 V. 18, " Many deserve punish- ment;" Literally, "Many (a man), punish- ment is justly his due;" At 84 vv^. 2 and 5 the verb appears in its passive form l:un&^ (pret. for fut.), which may mean '* It shall be treated according to its deserts," or *' shall be verified and certainly known; " the active voice having these significations as well as those above given, ^j^ That which is right and proper, just, true, justice, a right, just due, need, duty, such as payment of a debt ; Ex. jif/l^ ^iJfS V. 282, "Ue upon whom
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
■J^
(37 )
ciL*-'
is tlio duty (of p'.yiuent of tlie doL') ;" it aho Dioans Ti nth, Tl'c Truth, One of the N.r*>:3 of Col. J.:> Fit •;-, just. J^l (Cad dcclon- sioa) coni^v^r. ILoro wcrlby, more just, truer. /J'Jl'T The luevit^jle, the J-y of Julgmcut.^ ^jpA IV. To justify, verify (with acc.aadc-;). — fjM^\ X. 2h bc'worthf/, aJjudje norihy; to be guilty of (with ace. of tiling), or think guilty (-.villi Jji of pcra.), in both ^YI:ich senses it occurs at 5 v. lOG.
Cj1>^ To syjTer from a retention of urine ^ to he Tvitliheld {rain, etc.). c-^-*^ A long space of time, BPace of ei;^^hLy years;- Plur. c-;^.i>^l.
v_?:.l To lie a'noT.j croohcd or nmdhig sands. i^'uiM The winding s.'inds; nam? of a pro- vince of Arabia, foraierly inhabited by the tribe of 'Xd; plur. of uJl^.
S>^ aor. 0. To exercise authority (with ^^) ; to judge, judge between (with ^^^ of pers. and t-> of thing)-; to give judgment in favour of (>Yith J of pers. and (^ of thing) : when it meana to give an adverse judgment it takes ^^^ of pers. IL^ judgment, wisdom; f^U- \ f^^ ^yij 5 V. 55, " Do they then desire the judg- ment of the days of ignorance?" i.e. To be judged according to the laws of Paganism ; a rule of judgment, as Lj^ UL>. yd^ I 13 v. 37, "We have sent it— the Koran— down as a rule of judgment in Arabic." X^ A judge. 1^ Plur. ^iLl and J,jlil^ part. act. One who judges, a judge, i^i^ Wisdom. j»jC>-Wise, knowing. JLsJ\ comp. and super. More or most knowing or wise. — A*. II. To take as judge (with ace. of pers. and ^).— /^' I^ • To confirm ; The Passive cl-JijCi< occurs at 11 V. 1, and has been variously interpreted;
E/.lo renders it "i\iO frmrdcd n:r?.ir:t cor;\'/)- tlon." • A/i-^ p:j;t. pa33. Tiiii word also nJii:!* ; of divers intjq.rju'.lions; a cLi"'.nL^r i> c^iu K(i be *ui.':;''« when it is not al:'o^M*:d by cny subseipent revelation; it also mc,\-.3 clcr and p.i M)icuou3, void of ambljui'-y ; at 3 v.5- the verses called cl:Ll\i* ^"'^W or thcH3 which are clear and are to be taken in their literal sense, are distingaislicd from tho-:i which are allegorical and f^uiaLire; tlio former are said to be c-?'10Ti^ " Tho n]ot!i:r — or ground-v;ork— of the E:ok." — ♦S'wsr VI. To go together to judgment (with ^|). jil aor. 0. To untie—a knot— (vrith ace. and ^..0; aor. i. and o. To-fullil the rites and ceromoiiics required of a pilgrim, to become J'J^ afi or being /^/"-l ; to be lawful (with J of pers. and ^1 of verb) ; to descend, alight (with ^^) ; to settle in a place. J^- Anything lawful, an inhabitant. Jl>. Lawful, One ?vho has per- formed all the rites and ceremonies of a pilyrhn. JjiX plur. of J4^ A wife. iLxf Dissolution of a vow. J^r* Place of sacrifice.— J^l IV. To render lawful, allow, allow to be lawful, allow to be violated (with ace. of thing and J of pers.) ; to violate ; to cause to descend or settle (with double ace). Jjs^ part, act. One who considers lawful that which God has de- clared to be unlawful ; Ex. Jl-^ 1 ^^j^ ^^ y^ ^]^ 5 V. 1, "Not violating the prohibi- tion against the chase while ye are on a pilgrimage : " ^Jls^ being in conjunction with j^^Tis here put for ^^;Jrf^.
aor. i. To swear (with J of pers. and o of object of the oath, also followed by ^\^ or Jj of
Digitiz'ed by
( r. )
\crl), cr ly ^J^ of t!.o t:;in;j sworn); T.^. c->i53\ . -1-- ^.,.'.^j:^"i;3 V. 15, "Thoy swear to a fa]s:liooJ." cJ.o- A ^^cit r.voaror.
- ror. i. To elnvo.— J^*-* 1^ u*t. oct. II. f. Ono wLo Bhavc...
- r(? /:!v'^ //'j throat. .-^J.^ Tb'^ throat. I ^
7(? r"rca::i. ItJl A d.c ;2m ; Plur. Vl^] . %^ Un'ICiV-tarKlinj; Plur. ^l»-l . J^ Puberty. >-!>. Kind, gracious, intoll'^cnt.
, <i^ Ror. i. 7t? ci^c)r;i ;feV/i crwc.ir.cnt^, -ul^ Orna- nicnt3, trinkets; This v,'orJ ij u.cd in the Koraa G3 a colloctivo noun, or it may ba an irregular Plur. of J^, -which also tr.':e3 ,^[^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. CS2.— Ji. II. same C3 ^Jl>- (with Gcc. of thing, or T/ith ^j^).
>>I Letters preSxcd to the 40th and six following chapters of the Koran, sec JIT. .
^ nor. 0. To heat. . ^t^^s>^ Boiling hot water, a near relative or frienJ,
uX To clean out mud from a tvcIL U^ Mud. ^Ua^ fern, oi ^j^ Muddy, composed of mud. aor. a. To praise. *x<^ n.a. Praise. *XjU. part. act. One who praises. Ju^ Worthy of praise. jJi^l A name of iloharamad. Most praiseworthy, renowned. Note. By a per- version of the Gospel, the Mussulman Doctors teach that the Comforter promised under the name TrapaKXrp-o^ was the Tre/jtxXi/ro^ or Re- nowned Mohammad ; see Qr. Test. S. John xvi. V. 7. 5J^ part. pass. Praised, lauded. — j^A^sf* part. pass. II. f. Much-prahcd, highly lauded, Mohammad, aor. 0. To pare a thong of leather. jU^ An
ass; Plur.
9P f
and ,
So#
plur. of
uA a:r. i. To c-riy,lcar,bc::r array, lo:a,cL::j.3 v/ifli, impc:e a bur!.:. on ('.. !:h rcc. of tiling aaj C5^ or ^)\ to att^.c^c r.^^y cno (with ^s of per J.)*; to conceive, I: ^rlth chilJ, rn(l:;ta\3 (a duty), provide ^vIth carrirge end otlicr neco2:^:*Ic3 of a ]y\'^v\^\\ as at 9 v. 03, J.«j>. n.a, Plur. J'^K^i A b!:rtli:n, fitu.i in the womb, time during which the fcotus is in the woLub, as at 4G v. 14. J^ A burthen, loud, o-j^ P^^t. act. One v'lio c^'-'-ios; '\J% cy'.Uliu "And by tho3e v/hich bear a load," IX. TuO clouds bearing a lead of rain, or women bearing a burthen in their wOuibs, or th-e Vi'inds which bear the clouds, 51 v. 2. • JuU>. A woman v/ho carries much or fro- quently, a portress. ^^*.k=^ A be: st of burthen. — J-4C*. II. To impocG a burthen on(with double ace), charge one with (a duty).— JJcl:!!^ VIII. To take a burthen on one's-self, bear a burthen.
^^^X>- aor. i. To defend; and ^^j^ aor. a. To be hot. ^U- Himee, name of a camel concern- ing which certain superstitious usages were observed by the Pagan Arabs. i^jl:>- fem. of part. act. That which is burning hot. i^-4J>- Affectation, cant.— ^^^li? IV. To mate hot; Qil .^J^. 9 V. 35, "It i.e. the money— ^USllj A$|^jJl —shall be made hot;" Ute- rally, It shall be made hot upon it, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 129.
^j>^ aor. i. To emit a sound as a she-camel torvards her young ; to be moved rvith pity. ^J^ Mercy. ^^^ Honein, Name of a valley near Mecca, where a battle was fought by Mohammad.
(J.c>>" aor. a. To breakone's oath. C^%x>- Wicked-
ness.
Digitized by
^>-
(39)
Jt-
'^-■^S. To cvt ll.c ('roat. 'jtX-'- (Oi>a <!.jcle::3ioa) plur. cf J^-'i^- A thror.t.
^i>. aor. .1. lo rtwct, \'^^ ItOPot;J.
^_ii>. aor. i. 7b ircliic. ^£^^ Plur. ^ULr^ (Cnd ' dccleiKion) Inclining to tie riglit F.cli^^lon, ortlioJor.
uJc[i..r.or. i. and o. To put a. lit upon a horzc. — tliol?-^ Vin. To bring into subjection, utterly destroy; £3;] ''J4^i 17 v. 64, "Verily I ■ will brir.g his posterity under my authority;" or, "I will destroy them utterly" (as locusts destroy everything where they alight).
C*->v>-
aor. 0. To sin.
^^
n.a. A sin.
iZj\L aor. 0. Tof;/ aroiiiid.
A fish ; Plur.
^l>. aoc. 0. To be in 7va7it of. 1>AL Something necessary, a necessity, a thing, matter, wish, a want ; tlyjJ ^^Jj ^^ i^\^ f^ 12 v. 68, " Except for the sake of a wish (or to gratify a wish) in Jacob's mind."
jl^ aor. 0. To drive ^:^icZ//.— J^C^ X. To get the better of (with ,^J^). Aote. Some verbs whoso second Ptadical is j may be conjugated either regularly or irregularly in the 10th form.
JU. aor. 0. To return. .4*^ plur. of ^j"^ fem. of j^T both nouns of the 2nd declension, D. S. Or. T. 1, p. 360 ; Houris, a name given to the Maids of Paradise on account of the splendour of their black eyes ; the word is derived from j^ a form of Jl:^ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 246, the exact meaning of which is somewhat a matter of dispute, but which is properly applied to the blackness of eye seen in a gazelle; The words ^^jy>^ which occur several times are gene- rally translated "(Damsels) having large black eyes ; " Literally, *' Black-eyed (damsels)' with
hr;^} cyc3,'' see ^^. ^/y^ Discipka or Apo:tlcs of Chrl t; This v;orJ ia by comc cup- posed to le of r:ei^n origin; by olhors it u derived from '[l>-, c:^. . of tlionic:.nin .lof vvhicL is to vrhitcn clc:V.:3 by v/r.^hing, the Arr^b co:nm:nt?.tor3 pretonJing that tho Apostles were Fullers by tride.— -^Jli III. To reply to in an arguincat (with ace.)— jj^^ n.?.. VI. f. An argume.it L:tv;oj:i.lv.a or nio:o per.:on?.
j^ nor. 0. To gr"hcTi:j:thi:r to cneS''Self.— \^^^ toTjpJ, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 105, part. act. V. f. Ono who goes asiJe or re^rerits (vrith ^^).
^\L aor. 0. To Icntjcrgaria; ^S>^ in tlie Xor.'.a is u::d adverbially, and mer.ns far be it, a3 ^Jlj^lrl "Far be it from GuJ," or '' G.o\ forbid," D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 532.
^l>. aor. 0. To guard, —^J^ IV. To surround, en- compass, comprehend (knowledge), and her.ce toknow (wither of thing); jiO ^'^^^-^1 ^2 T. 66, " Unless ye be prevented," or "com- passed about (by some hindrance) ; " The verb is here impersonal wi-th an ellipse of tho sub- ject, & common construction both in Arabic and Latin, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 129. L^ part. act. One who encompasses, or comprehends.
Jl*. aor. 0. To he cJiangedt to pass by, go between ; Pass. J^ ; ^y\^^ U ^^j jiM^ J-^j 34 V. 53, " It (a bar) shall be passed between them and what they long for;" The verb is here used impersonally, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 129. J^ and J^ ^ adverbial expressions meaning round about, and from around, see ^^J and ^^J ^^. J^ n.a. Power, a year. JJ^ A change. aJ-^ A plan, contrivance.— J^^ix:^ n.a. II. f. A change, a turning off, or turning
away.
Digitized by
c/--
( 10 )
r-
^or
JS>- nor. i. To coU-xL l^C'- (2ntl (l;;clci;-,ic:i) for
' "^^S- D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, plur. of I^-C
Intoctincs. ijr*r^l Ej.rk-coloiircd, fxoni tj:/:>-
* anotlier form of ^j>- To be (larL-C'^-onr,.] lU
deadhcrh-jc; Fr. '' Fc-Ulc-.ynicr
- for J.>- aor. i. n Jou'v!y imporroct verb,
aor. l'^ for^II^r To live (wifu ^). J^
Plur. 5L;M Livinr^^ He or tlir.t which livcth,
alive. i>^ A sorpcii-t. Jl-j^ or iyt^^ or move
correctly l^ Life. ^^'^^ L^f*^ (c^ornal).
^X^ John. Ci* for ,^-^* for J-s^* Lif^.;
^.C^-^ ^.ly life, D. S. Gr. T..1, p. 111.-
\-j:?- II. To sdute (with c-^). <l^ n.a. A
fialutr.Lion.— ^^1 or K^\ IV. To preocrve
one*3 life, restore to life, give life (with ace.
and s-'* 0^ ^^^^ double ncc); ,^;---^ for
,i-J^26 V.81, "lie will res* .3 mc lo life."
^^ for ,^r^^ P^^^' ^^^' One who restores to
life."— *Ji^^^ X. To save alive; tobeashaincd
(with ^ of thing or with ^^1 of verb). ^Xp^C^
Bashfulaesa.
''^ Where, wherever, whither ; l^-4^ ^ From
whence soever, from the place whence, or of
the place v^here, from the time when, in a
mr.nnCi V, ;.icii; l-a c*-',::>- >■ .i:;-./oc. :r; c^ ;j>- alt!vo^:^'h s'rictly c^^j:/:!..;^* a iic'in, is i:i J :Jin- r^^le, aiul h al-.vays fo'ird r.3 an r/lvorb rinJ aa r'r.:':od\.t to £:-:r.G coi:ipb:uerit eltlior nominal orverb 1, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. MG.
jU- aor. i. To avert ('.Tith ^r^<»).
^S- for
(?nd
declension) Diotractod. ".
Ji^S- ae:. i. 7i? .'':/;e ti^'dc. {J^^^ A pkco or way ofe:cL^pe.
, il>- aor. i. To h?.ve her conucs (a v^-oman). ^J:^'/^ The nio;/.lJy cour. ,3 of a vron^.i.n. or. i. To be u:ju:t (^,;Ith Jl). •
jl^ aor. i. To siirroiirid, hiin in, coinpaaa about (with (^ of pT'rs.).
J^l>- aor. i. To arnce {the tine), ^.-j^- Time, C3 ^!\lT^2'^ (I^^ '^^ ^- ^' "-'^ ^P"^^^ ^^ time;" dOi ^^,-^ Xr 23 V. 14, " In a time of negli- gence," i.5.T\'hen the people were not mindful of him. ^r^5- T\'hen, at the time of; through- out the Koran when used in this sense ^^^^ is indeclinable, D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 149 ; At 11 V. 5 the words ^.^ ^\ belong properly to the next verse. Jvtl-^-w Then, at that time, com- pounded of ^.-^ and il^ or U^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 521.
\lj\i ace. part. act. of u^ q.r.
ij^li fem. of tU. for ^^t see ^^. tX To hide. ^^^ ii»a- That which is hidden. iS^Tokumhleone'S'Self {before God), to acquiesce.
• -hXI^I IY. same as (i^ (with J| or J). iXv^ part. act. One who humbles himself. eJX To he had. d'-ti^ Bad, evil, wicked.
5 UL plur. of «C.jyr^ Impurities, filthy or
wicked things or actions; sc. jUjiK
Z^ To prove, and Jli aor. o. To know, j^ n.a.
Understanding, knowledge. ^^-^ Plur. jU=;->
News, tidings, report. "^X Knowing, One
who knows, or is acquainted with.
so ^ aor. i. To make bread, J^ Bread.
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( 11 )
^J^
i;a nor. 1. 7b s!:-^p r.r"i ilicjor::/^ t.^Sti^^ V. properly. To strUx ir:h Viz forc-f-^t ; at 2 V. 27*j it inc :n3 ta driv:) one ^li^tl, strike with ccnfailu-a, to- infect, or siinply, to Jc.^troy.. Ui Tod':trac*, Jul. A.hinilniiico, ccrrtiption/ a3 fU^ 1^/b i 3 V, 114, "They will not fail in corrupting you."-
Ci. aor. 0. To bo extinct.
^ r.cr. i. aiulo. To dccdve. Jc^ A perSdious mm.
;^ aor. i. To seal (with ^). IjU. A seal ; at 33 V. 40 ilGhampj:^.-! is said to be ,^.f^ \ 0j\^ '* The seal of tho prophets." IlL^ A sc-alinj; l!:e v;ax, chy, or o\.\\v: t>ul3tpnc3 u :c'd in seal- fy^-^i part, p'^^3. Sr-aled.
mc
Jo-
L aor. 0. 3^t; ;;!^^'5 an imi.resslo'.i. JdL A cheek
p u i ^o ^
jjj^i A pit or trench; Tho^SJc;-*! c-^^wsr^i spoken of at So v. 4, '*Th3 m:iker3— or Lords— of the pi-t of fire" were the sen'ants of (j^UI) i j j A Jev.ish tyrant who caused a number of Christians to be burnt alive.
cjX aor. a. To cover over, deceive. \^^ part. act. One who • deceives.— cjU^ III. To en- deavour to deceive.
^jj^ Plur. ^^jlsLI Equals^ /ricnds^ lovers; no verbal root.
Jjii aor. 0. To disappoint, leave without assist- ance. JjJ^ One who deserts his friends, a Traitor. J^lsr* part. pass. Destitute.
y2»- aor. i. and o. To make a noise in Jlying (an eagle); to fall down (with .^t^^, ^, or J).
c-^ To strike or pierce the ear, to lay rvaste. <-->y^ A laying waste, a making desolate and ruinous.— cS^^ IV. To lay waste (with ace. and w).
^/S^ aor, 0. To go out, go forth, come forth (with
Trib:i'?, VLvrAcwcnco. Zl*^ n.a. A ^'^^ttiro; or goinv forlli.; ^/JI\"*.j The Day of He- surrcction. ^jli pnrt. act. One who comes forth. ^Cs:^ An i^sue, place of exit. — 1^1 IV. To bring out, drive out, bring forth, pro'lace, sfretch forth, cr.ot forth (v;:th tzc. and ^^y, J, L^, and j^, also with ^\ for ^Ij^of following verb). 41/^' °-"- ^'^ driving out, expal^^iori, bringing forth. -7^* F>-.^c-. act.
One who br'rj-^/ortii, etc. -^J^-^* P^rt. pa:3. One V. ho is brouglit forth, etc. ; abo The place from whence, -or time at which anything is brou-ht fo;th ; jl^ ^;1V ,^^J^ 17 v. S2, "Bring me forth (from the grave) with a favourable exit."— ^J^^] X. To talcc out, take forth.
Jj^ quadriliteral. To chop tip meat. J*^/>- Mustard-seed.
^^ aor. 0. To guess, to tell lies. ^]/>- A liar.
I^j^ quadriliteral, To strike on the nose. (^^^ A proboscis or nose. *
j^ aor. i. and 0. To rend, make a hole in, fei^, falsely allribate.
^2. To lay up in a storehouse, bam, or treasury. l)X\L (2nd declension) plur. of i]^ A trea- 8ury, treasure, storehouse, magazine. j^U^ part, act. One who lays in a store, or keeps a . store of anything (with J of thing); Plur. ijy>^ Keepers.
Jjj^ aor. a. To be disgraced, ^j^ n.a. Shame, disgrace. • Jp-\ for ^j^ D. S. Gr. T. 1 , pp. 110 and 403, comparative form. More dis- graceful.—wJ?>^' IV. To cover with shame^
6
Digitized by
( ^^3 )
IL'.
(lif^Vr.co (with ccc. of pora. r.nJ ^). J ":*
and in conne.-vion will a coiripl?./Lv:'.I,-vjfJ-'':':^
part. ret. 0 :• vrlio. puts lo cl.r.in;.
LLtL aor. a. il) ar/tj a7:ojf io Ic dull — tJic sc>i:c3j
ko Lo drivcu av.ay (with ^), a3 1^'--1 i^3 v.
110, *' Be ye Jrivou away," iinperat. pl::r. for
Ij^*.-^!, the h^inza bcin^ c^an2'-J into j in
con.^^]n',-r:co of tl:c (laimr.a, nrnl tlio serviloj
b;::r.2 (!rc;.poc!, D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. Gj r.n J 10 i.
^-^•l>- part. act. That which is dull, also that
"vvhich is driven av/ay (from society).
j*^ ZOT, a. To wander from the r'jht way, to be
docoivcJ, snJ.r Ic.j, V.^^ p-r^n-h. ^^^ n.a.
Lo:s, a lo^in:^ concorn. ,ll^ and .,L..^
n3.a. Pe. Jition,lo:i:. "^iX pirt.acL One who
# X t. * wanders from the right way, a lus?r. ^i>^^
comparaMvo form, Tlic greatest loser, onewliO
errs exceodingly.--j!*^M^ n.a. II. f. A loss. —
. y^-^1 IV. To diminish (a quantity), give short
measuj-e. j*^^ part. act. One who gives
short measure. •
»-?>M<> aor. i. To bury one beneath the earth, cause the earth to swallow up (with t-^ of the person and ace. of ,^1) ; to be eclipsed (the moon).
uT^.l-^ aof. 1. To rt:\x to(f ether i:^ii\i c^). y^.r,-! plur. of ^^tn^ Rough wood, timber, rw aor. a. To he low or humble ^ to humble one'a- self (with J), f^-1^ n.a. Humility, j-^l^ part. act. One who humbles himself, or is dejected; at 41 v. 39 the passage ^^j^ircj?^ i^ili. must be rendered "Thou seest the earth barren and desolate;" Plur. ^^-^ and
aor. a. To fear (with ace. or with \1 in the
^ ^ ^
06060 of lest).
e-i
u'
Fear.
^zt To (T ::'.,: jvuh .:: ^, -:h::il.:r; Pac3. Tolcii liznt. .u?'^ IViUum"! .ily, poc'iiiarly. LrLiA n.a. Poverty.-- ^^IJo^l VIII. To b::[jw upon any one in a peculiar inannrr, a^'propriate to (with (^ of thing and ae?. of pars.).
wtli ror. i. To sew together— ^rt?;;. a ^^^/tf— (with ace. n:id ,^J^).
J^ acr. i. Tol'V:c the hc:t in an altawitlon. l^i^ Ad adveraary: iVote. This word is U2 jd for botii singular, d';-:.l, an J plural, thongh the dud j^U-li is aleo found in tiie Ko.an, as at C3 V. 21, where there is an ellipse of the pronoun ^•rar. A-^ A contentions person. I^^r^ A di^puter. — ^LL< n.a. III. f. Contrntion, dis- puto.—l^UV n.a. VI. f. ?[utu".l di'putiirg' and recrinunation. — i-:::;:^' and j^^'j:s>^ VIII. The reason for the latter form, which occurs at 35 V. 49, is given by Do Sacy in his Grammar, • T. 1, p. 203, To dispute, strive together by way of dispute or litigation (with ^, ju^, or
^Si).
aor. i. To break ?vooJ, cut off the thorns from
a tree. ti^^JJ:^ part. pass. Deprived of thorns.
aor. a. To be green, j^ Green herbs.
jT-^ fem. plur. of^^.^^.^ Green.— J^^isr* fern.
■ part. IX. f. That which is green.
jL^<^ aor. a. To be humble and lowly (with c^).
s y ' "
wJli part. act. One who is submissive(wich J).
kri- aor. 0. To draw lines, to write (with t-^).
Uii To cast out scum^apot; ^^^^ aor. a. To do Tcrong. da^ n.a. An error, fault, sin. illLj- By mistake. <uki same as Ui^ ; CUai plur. of hoL D. S. Qr. T. 1, p. 370, the final ^ being changed into \ because preceded by an- other^; D.S.Gr.T. l,p.lll. J^lXpart. act. One who sins, a sinner, sinful.— lll^l IV.
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l!^-
( 43 )
(j^-
^ V
To be in error, to sin (with c->). LIAJ^ sp.id to bo a n.a. Habitual. sinfulnccs ; or it may bo rojardoJ as Uio fern, of ^'o- and a^oc with J^oolirunderslooJ, as at CO v. 9. Kote. The s 13 not mifroquently added to nouna to give intensity; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 322, note (3); 6ce ah-^o T. 2, p. 279, note. . X aor. 0. 7b oj/'cr rip the State Prayer called Ifl-i^. cJV-^ ^•^* ^ matter, thing, busincs.'. £^1^ n.a. The domauding. a ^Toman in niar- ringe.— iJLJIj'^ III. To speak to, address (with ace. of pers. and ^ of subject), s-^'^^ n.a. Adiscourse; t-^nL^TJ^SS v. 19, ''Asound judgment in legal matters."
L-iki aor. a. To rdarch quic/:ly (a camel), To snatch, snatch away. Juk>. Something snatched away by stealth.— cil^^ir V. To snatch away, carry ofF, despoil.
lll>- aor. 0. To make a step forward, ci^ljl^^
plur. of i%s^ A step. - aor. i. To be liccht.
Plur. uJll^- Light.— ujili II. To make light, make things easier (with ^ of pers. and ace. of thing). t^jufcsT n.a. An alleviation.— u.jLkLjl X. To think or find light and easy, induce levity in any one (with ace. of pers.). l>- To he quiet or silent. — (^z^\J^ III. To speak in a low voice (with c-^).— vi^Ur VI. To con- verse in a low tone.
aor. i. To remain in a place; to lower (with ace. of thing and J of pers.), las ^^\ Jjj^jIS cLCilL^ 15 y. 88, " Behave with humility, — Literally, lower thy wing— to the true believers." \^}^ part. act. That which humbles.
^^^IrV. aor. i. To male 7nanijest, and ^i^ aor. a. To bo hidden '(with ^1 of p jis.). J^'^ niddon, as ^ir^ ^S^ ^^ 42 v. 41, " A>]Lanccj, or with a stealthy glance;" lll^ In secret. ^J^S for ^M-^ comparative form, More hidden. 4i'«^ A secret action. <^^:^ In secret. — ^X>-^ I^^ To hide, conceal (7,il!i r.cc. . , and ^ or J) ; The words C;i»1 o'it at CO v. 15 arc by some translated ** I want but little of concealing it," and by others "of inalcing it manifest;" The iv. f. being used in both senses.— ^^jItcLjJ^ X. To lie bid (v-Itli ^^j), t-ir.a.^< part. act. One who trie^ to hide liim- self.
Jci* aor. i. and a. To be lean (7?ieat). Jl>. Plur. Jl>- A camel entering his second year ; see also under iii. f. HJ^ Friendship. JJ^ -^^ --'^ friend, an epithet of Abraham, the friend of God; Plur. ^1:>,'\ (2nd declension), D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 3G3.— Jlii- III. To lefriendbj toicards anyone. Jll>- n.a. Friendship ; Jli^isalso plun of v3^i i^ w^hich sense it means the middle or inner parts, as ibil 1 Al^ The inner apartments.
jii aor. 0. To be eternal, live for ever, remain for ever in a place (with ^\ jJc>- and o^iJ- Eternity, eternal life. oJl^ part. act. Living for ever, etc.— jlsr^ part. pass. II. f. Made immortal, or eternal.— j1>^\ IV. To render immortal ; To incline towards (with ,Ji^ ). .1<. aor. 0. To he pure and sincere, to arrive at; \Ls^ IJjL^ 12 v. 80, " They held a secret con- ference." tA^ P^^*'* ^^^' ^^^^ which is pure; proper and peculiar. JQLi. Peculiarly. — j^P^I IV. To purify (with ace. of pers. and
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( 41 )
CwO, sLow eiiicerily in rcli;:loii (with ace. of thing an J J of por3.). ^^^'--' n.r. Faith pu.e rnJ undjlilc^l ; The n i.nc of th: llCfh c!^- pttr, v;h:ch is hjhl iii c~pjc:al voiierii'ioa. ^^-i^* r nu a:t. O.io Vi'l.o cxhihlts the sinccrit/ and . puiityof hisfiitli. ^^^iLsr* part. pass. Parifijd, sincerely relijious.— ^^:L0 X. To tahe entirely to one*3-£:ir (with ace. -of thing anl J of per:?.), i. Gcr. i. To mis. >lliC>. plur. of !rJ,< Tlio:e who are inix?! up (ia bucinccs).— LiiU- III. To mix one's-self up in tho afTairs of othors (witli ace.).— !2L-^) VIII. To be nuxeJ \v'ith Xwith u 0. ^ a.;r. a. To draw l.i, piiL" off. Jc5- anr. 0. lb Jj hcl.hul, come after; to succeed (with ^9 ; to do a tiling b?hind one's back (with ace. of pors. and thing), as at 7 v. 149; To act as deputy (with ace. of pers. and.^), aa ,<^^^1 7 V. 133, "Do thou act as my deputy," t-£l^ A succeeding generation ; t-£s>- ^j Behind, from behind, after, suc- ceeding ; 1,^ .^ il'd^'^T'at 3 V. 1C4, "Those who are coraing after them," refers to those for whom the honour of martyrdom is yet reserved.
After, behind ; f^^^^ U 2 V. 256, "That which is yet to come upon them." «*-lJLi. part. act. One who stays, or aita behind another, u-^l^ The contrary ; wy X^ cT^ 0° opposite sides ; uJl>- la opposi- tion to. Z3^ A difference; Jul^ 25 v. 03, " For a distinction, or to follow one another;" see the corresponding passage in Genesis ch. 1, V. 14. «^-iJl^ (2nd declension) plur. of JuJlX, generally translated "Women," as being those who stay behind in case of war.
^j^^ A 2'icc:.':-^T, li-:ut:-r'nt, vioa:; a naino £-Ivou to £.-verc:^,-^5a3 Vii: .jcrej'.'i of Cv,;!, a/,;; to trC si:cc>..::or3 of 2.Vjt::.iiuul ; Tho tera:'..i- tion i aJJj Cxiergy or inL.:r::ity to the t^.'tpr.siion, D.S.Gr.T.l,p.3i:3; riur.^:^anl>uU both worJo of the 2::u ccoici .!on, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 4:2.— J:U II. To I:::v2 1 ohinJ. '
iX^ pcirt. p^53. Lcf: bchiriJ. 1-^ III.
To oppose (v.-ita Ji), ticoe^Ie to (with -c.cc. of pers. and JV), as U J\ ^J^^^\ J J^J U Iii ^^Ca 11 7. 00, " I will not aoccJo to you in wliit I forLii you." tJl'^ n.a. v. supri. — wJlr^l IV. To brcf.k tlie pfoiiiise given to any one (with a:c. of pcrs. and thing) ; At 34 V. 33 it means to restore (with ace.) ; In the • Pasiire '^^ '^J 20 v. 97, " It— the promise- * shall not be broken for thee ;." For the con- struction of dotihly tninsitive verbs in the passive (or objective) voice, the learner may consult D. S. Gr. T. 2, p^ 123. Jj^^ part: act. One -who breaks his promise ; for -the con- struction i^y^j txzj lJI^ 14 V. 43 see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 187.— w2ir V; To remain behind (with^^);-Olit!^ VIII. To disagree, differ (with -5). v-Jl^' n.a. Diversity, vicissi- tude, contradiction. \^:i',^ part. act. Differ- ing one with another, various, diverse, dif- ferent; For the construction il^] Ulli* 6 v. 142, " Whose food is of various kinds," see D. S. Gr. T. 2, pp. 79, 197> arid 270.- i^gl'vLil X. To make a successor, cause to succeed (with ace. and ^), Liis^wt part, pass. Made a successor, or inheritor (with J). JLL aor. 0. To measure accurately , and define the dimensions of anything^ to create, produce (with ace. and^^, t»j, ^^, or J)^ Jii. n.a. collect.
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( 45)
iU.
noun, Crc.ilU'. -s c:ci.-,J Oiingd, Cr:-cc;''.:ly Man!:I:.J, a crci^tion, lyinj device; UL-^ .v-li C7 V. 11, ''^trcnjor by nature;" At Zj v.CS the v.xrJ ^rt-L woull 60 :a to t>l^.nJ for jJX '"OIJ r-o." Ji'- A iiriaral iHrnosition, naaaer cr l.\bit. jl^ p^^-rt. r.ct. One v;lio creates; J-Jwirl Tlie Crer.tor, oncof tliannnea of Go J. Jl!>^ A portion, full sli^.re of hnppi- nc-'3. Ji^fTho Or-r.t Crc-.tor,— Xziir^ C:m. part. pr.:3. II. f. Vrell and p^rf-^ctljfornied. — jlii^ n.a. VIII. f. A Ijinj device.
ii aor. 0. 7{? be cmp[]/, clear (with J), free, ^^':,\\fit alone v.ith (v/itli ^0; to \?.:i awr.y, to l:ave bc:n in eiMci'ce or in force in fonuor tl:r.:3; in tlie latter sense it appears at 43 v. 23, JLj ^ l::.Jc^ jo ^^ I ; To be proper to or belong to (with J, also with ^) ; to light on a vacant place (with*^); this or the pre- ceding would seem to-be the literal meaning of the passage^iJ lli iX !^ 35 V; 22. U}^ fern, of jU. for ^)^ part. act. That which has passed away. — ,1^ II. To empty, make clear ; IX-JI \^J^ 9 v. 5, " Dismiss tliem," Literally, *' Clear their road."— Jir V. To be clear and empty.
*X4>. aor. 0. To get low {ajire), to faint away and die. jt^lX part act. Extinct, dead.
f^S^ aor. 1. and o. To cover over, ferment. jaS^ fem. Wine. jaS^ plur. of ^u^ A covering, and especially a woman's head and face veil.
• X <* ^ ^ C X
{j*^4S^ aor. 0. To take a fifth part. L^a^ masc. and (^/u.4^ fem. Five, see ^^^. ^^^a**^^. Oblique J^---Ii Fifty. ^jl<^i A fifth part. (^U. The fifth.
^^JL^ Tj r.ihrdc (a swd-lv.j). To he c:r.pij W t hcU i). i^^J^"* Ilur^'er.
IIaJC aor. i. To haff-roaU (? y:at). k^ n.a. Bitter.
•y^'^.v^o:. a. 7b stink. ^^-> A pig; Plur.^jllii* (2i:! ucclen.non) Swine.
^^^«jc5. cor. i. and o. To rcuia'm l:'^\ii!, hide crcrj. ^^-j*^ The Siars in general, or, accorJing to Borii^, the five Planets Saturn, Jupiter, liars, Venus, and Mercury, because they havo a re- trcjraileai well as a direct notion. {^J^^'^ The Devil, because ho IiiJes. hiii::clf at tie nan:oofGcJ.
Ji^ To s^r-ajylc'-^jj^,^ part. act. VII. f. That wLich is stranci-lcd.
o
jlr^ aor. 0. To lorj IVxan ox. Jy>^ A lowir^g.
yjo\^ aor. e. To plunge into, wade, enter into— a discourse,— -cngn^-e in— a J'scuiision, or vanity, —(with . ^). Note. After jili there is fro- qneiitly an elh'psc of tlio complement. \^j;^ n.a. A wading, engaging in (vain dicccurse). i^\^ part. act. One who engages in vain discourse.
cJli for t-J^ aor. «-Jl^ for uJ*^, D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 113 and 115, To fear, dread, appre- hend (with ace. and with ^^^ of pers. in sense oifor; or with ^^ or ^ in sense oifro7n;, it is likewise found with ace. of pers. and ^-> of thing; also with ^ of following verb, or with ace. and ^^p. uJ^ n.a. Fear, dread. ^.Jj \X part. act. One who fears, afraid. ZL^ Fear ; ik^ Oat of fear. — uJp- II. To cause to fear, frighten, terrify, ujy^ n.a. Terror; ^l^^s^ In order to terrify (them).— uJjarV. To be frightened, to diminish hy taking arcay a part. «-Jjar n.a. ^f^ ^J^ 16 v. 49 may be
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J'-
( 4G )
<_-?j
rooila or f • '1(3," cr accortiir^g to i?.i:(j*n ver- sion, **Ly a c^a'iulual iI::^trnction/*
JlX ?.or. 0. 7(> /r ;;. J'J. Plur. Jwi-1 A Duternal Uncle. ^'^ A maternnl Amt.— jtX II. To . bestow favours on (with doul!: ace.).
^^'^ a or. 0. To d ^ceive, bo ir^'utliful to (v.'itb ace. of pcrj. and c-^) ; to violate (an cng^] jcmoat), C3 * ^^
jlb'uU] ! J Jw5 8 V. 27, -"Nor violate your ^ coveaaiitj." 2i'.B. ^ is hero a di^janctive particle, i'^::^ n.a. A deceiving*, treachery; ^<^'^> u;^;,^l4J 8 V. 72, "And if they desire to deceive thee;" the n.a. being here put for tl.e verb; D. S. Cr. T. 2, p. IC3.
^jli p ?t. acL One who deceives, a clieat, treacherous. ^41^ with 5 added for sake of energy, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p; 322 ; same meaning as ^l:i. ; or it may agree with ^j^ or ijbj tjnderstood, thus, ^^*l ZiU- 'JmAO y. 20, Z'terally, "He knoweth the deceitful of eyes;" For the construction of the Participle (verbal adjective) with the genitive, see D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 183. f^^y>- A perfidious person, a traitor: —^0.1 VIII. To deceive, defraud; ^J^f 1^1 \y\l^, 4 V. 107, " Those who defraud one another;" Literally^ "who mutually defraud themselves;" the eighth form being here put for the sixth, which is not used in this verb, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 133.
sv^'^ a >r. i. a dou jlv iir;:'i-r:ct \ e.b, 2o Ic i::: .'■ ei tf:^.;i (a /rju'^c). ili for c-?;'^, Fern, /^^jl:^* part. act. That v/hlch is utt -rly ruino^o, ^.•a£io, and tumble-down ; falira dovrn (\.ith ,^Jli).
Ij'X aor. i. To bo di-v pointed, frucAated, to bo ia a hopclcrs state. iJl-o'^ F--'^* ^"^- One who is in a hop:.]c:s state.
[^ tOT. i. To be in good arc':::i:^!^.::ccs, to he fa-ourallc to, J^, Fein. l^^L G^od, agree- able, Phir.Xy ; al:D Letter, bi-t, forjli*, the \ bjinjr omitted on account of tlie froqueat useof the word; N.B. Vrith the:e comparative ei^-niGcations it is comnion to all genders and
' I "^ "f t'
numbers. c:j\,^1 Good thir
d TTorks.
iZ^ Choice, selection.--^-^'^ V. To choose ; at G3 V. S3 ^,/Iir is for Ji /I^J D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 221.--J'ii^ VIII. To choose, choose from out of (with double ace, also with acc.of pers. or thing chosen and ^J^)*
tUL aor. i. To sew. • ^j.<. A thread. &ll^ A needle.
Jli for J^ aor. a. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 243, To imagine. J^ a collective noun, Horses, Horse, Cavalry.— Jui II. To make to appear (with ^\ of pers, and ^*)-— J'i^ a verbal adjective with the form of the passive part, of VIII. f. Proud, arrogant.
>ili aor. i. To act the cojvard. a^C^ plur. of ;. A pavilion.
cl>l J aor. a. and o. To be diligent. cLu and cLu A state, custom, manner, wont : Ll J Accord- ing to custom. ^^J^ oblique dual part. act. Both of whom diligently perform their work.
t-^j aor. i. To go gently, crawl. <uiJ Plur. c-?\j«> Whatsoever moveth on the earth, especially beasts of burden; A miraculous Beast is spoken of at 27 v. 84, which is to be one of the Signs of the last Day.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
y">
(47 )
r-/"
7^ To he behind. y'S The bick, hir.ht part; jj ^^ From belinul. jb j1 plur. of^ J The ^ bach, the laat, CAtrernity, that wliich comes after ; ^J^^J\ ^^ 1^3^ 4 v. 50, " And we render thcra after the manner of their hinder parts," i.c, smooth and without -features ; ^^v-^f jlJjl 50 V. 80, " At the end of prayers;" alluding to certain supererogatory observances which may be mr.de or not after the evening Prayer. jU The extreme, last remnant, uttermost part.— ^.o II. To dispose, mannjo, govern, y jL* part. act. One who governs, etc. --^ Ji IV. To turn the back, retreat. ^^jI^ ^'^» ^^ktl I j^S\^ 53 V. 40, Literally, ''At the waning of the Stars;" th-o words refer to certain observances after morning Prayer, see^bjl. jx-t part. act. One who turns his back and retreats.— -^ if and^j| V. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 220; To meditate upon, understand, consider.
jiS To put forth leatc$,-^J^x^ part. act. V. f. One who wraps himself up in a garment ; The name of the 74th chapter, in which Slohammad is addressed by this name ; He is said to have been thus wrapped up when accosted by the Angel Gabriel.
js^j aor. a. To drive away, jy^^ D-a« A repellmg; \jyij 37 r. 9, "To drive (them) away." jf^jk^ part. pass. Driven away, rejected.
^jo^J aoi\ a. To examine into, slip, to be weak (an argument). ^^^^^ part. act. That which has no force.— j^^^^Jl IV. To weaken or nullify by an argument, condemn (with ace. and <-->).
S ^ ff 9 ^
^jcs>'S^ part. pass. One who ia condemned or worthy of condemnation. U- J aor. a, and o. To spread out, expand, (ransitive.
j-^j aor. a. To be small, vile, and of no cahic. ^1 J part. act. That which is orbecomci ciunll, vile, or of no account.
JrL J aor. 0. To enter (with ace. also with ^j^, or with ^) ; to go in unto (with ace. of place and ^^^ of pcrs.) ; to join oneVself in company • withXwith c->), as at 5 v. CO; yijU iJ^j "They entered into— your society— with in* fidelity;" with c-j it also signifies to havo connexion with, in which sense it occurs at 4 v. 27. J:>" J Vice, corruption of either miu i or body ; !>. j Falsely, fraudulently. ^.^^^ part. act. One who enters in.— JrCjl IV. To introduce, cause to enter, lead into (v;itU ace. of pers. and ^, or wifh double ace). JivV-i part. pass. Introduced, also Time or place of entering in ; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. G05; ^^c^M jju? Jli Jc^ 17 V. 82, " Cause me to enter (tlo grave) with a favourable entrance," see ^-j^* — Ji^JLC noun of place VIII. f. A place of retreat, see Ji.JL< suprd.
^^^j aor. a. and o. To smoke. ^J^^ Smoke.
jj aor. i. and o. To give much milk {a camel), to shine, isj^ Shining. Jj"^ An abundant rain.
Ijj aor. a. To drive off, put off, avert (with ^). — IJlj^I. for Xj\^3 D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 220, To strive one with another (with ^J).
-Ijj aor. 0. To walk, go. ^j^ A step; in the Kordu it frequently means a step in rank, honour, or authority; a degree of honour or happiness; i^jS and <^1:>-Jj By degrees (of honour); i^jS 1^1 9 v. 20, "Of higher degree," Literally, " Superior as to degree." — -•jJOmi^ X. To move gradually; consign to a gradual punishment.
Digitized by
UyJ
(
iO )
jjj
{JLjS aor;o. Tj 'j o'^Utcr..':! ; lo el'^ly, rcr.il with attcPitioii (v.'Uli ace. also with ^J). iu]^J Attentive studj. (j*^^i-'l Enocli, 60 callcJ from hi.', great learning; this worJ is found in the Konin of the 2nd declension, D, S. Gr. T. 1, p. 4(14; Freiiag in hia Dictionary spells it with the tanwecn.
CJJS To foil :: tip, ovcrlahe, CjJS n.a. The act of •following up; l^JJ cJll^i 20 v. SO, "Thou art ia no fear of being overtalcen (by the E^'ptians);" CJjJ alio mediis the lowest bottom, sc. *'Drog3" (of Hell).— Cijj] IV. To overtake, reach, attain unto, comprelicnd. CJj^ part. pasa. Overtaken.— cl^ljJ and CJJ\J[ VI. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 220, To over- take, follow one another (with ^); to reach, comprehend; The passage at 27 v. 63 i/^ ' ^ (H^^ CJfj\ Jj 13 read m various ways and admits of several interpretations; it may either be rendered " But their knowledge has comprehended (somewhat) of the life to come," or " Still less have they comprehended, etc., see Jj .
!Lrjj> Plur. ♦^J^J (2nd declension) from the Pers; ^j,. Money ; a. silver coin, the value of which has varied considerably at different times and in different places; the weight of the leffal dirhem is fixed at 503 barleycorns.
^j3 aor. i. To know; ^^Jo] ^^^ 21 w. 109 and 111, "And I do not know;" for this negative use of ^[ see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 520 ; the verb is used with ace, also with i whether.— jj^Jl IV. To make to know, teach (with ace. of pers. and c->).
(^ J aor. 0. To bide (with ace. and ^).
jl3 nor. 0. To ran in. ^J plur. ofjCj Oa'.:uin *or Palm-tree fibres with which shipa- are caulked; r.ccordin^j to olliers, Naib.
^j nor. a. To get ro increase.-^^J II. To corrupt.
t J aor. 0. To push, drive away with violence (with ace. and ^p. tS n.a. A thrusting.
Ic5 aor. 0. To call out, call, call upon ; to call for, invoke (with ace. of pera., c-> of thing, and J of place) ; to pray to, invite (vrith ace. and J also with j^|, or with ace. and ,^0; to attribute (with ace. and J of pers.) ; ^JS3 for ^^Uj 2 V. 1S2, " Ee prays to me," D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 459 ; 1^ j1 " I invite," 1 pers. sing. aor. for ^j1, the final Alif being an cJJi ^l-^ror Alif of precaution, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 109 ; \y-S, and when followed by Wesla, or Alif of union, \y.S 3 pers. plur. pret. D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. GO and 112. Jy^S n.a. A cry, prayer ; with an affixed pronoun it is written li^^J D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 118. ^I^i A prayer, supplication, invoking, asking for, calling upon or for. iycj A supplication, prayer, invoca- tion, summons ; i^J SO v. 24, " By a sum- mons." ^l^iT plur. of ^^5^3 An adopted or spurious Son. cIj for ^^ J part. act. One
who prays, invites, summons, etc. a Preacher; at 2 V. 182 p1jJ\ is a poetic license for ^^^jJ I
D. S. Gr. T^ 2, p. 497.-^ j[ VIII. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 222, To claim, desire (with ace. or t— »).
^3 for \j D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 97, aor. a. To be hot. ^w^J Warmth, warm clothing made of earners Lair ; The food, milk and raiment derived from camels are all classed under the head of ^cJ»^.
jjj aor. a. To push, pay over to (with ace. of
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
( 4? )
thing and^p; to. repel, drive r.v.ay, avert (with ace. oud <---?). nJS n.a. Tlio net of pro- hibiting-, prevention-; (^Ul ^i j-lo LJ ^^ j;.U^; 2 V. 2.j2, " Unless CcU (hr.d set) nicn to hinder one another;" The noun of action 13 here used 'instead of the verb, and governs the subject in the gen. and the object in the nccus. case; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. IGC. Li^J part. act. One who averts.— jJb III. (with ^) To defend.
Jjj aor. 0. and i. To pour forth Ovalcr). j;il5 part. act. That which poors forth or is poured forth.
cJj aor. 0. To pound into dust. C/j Powder, a level bank of sand ; l?J Into powder. iS J Level sand, ^o J (2nd declension) D. S. Gr. T, 1, p. 402, A flat mound of earth or dust,
j^j see jJ.-->^S^ VIII. f. ofjsi for jL-i\ D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 222. J^jL« part. act. seejf j .
Jj aor. 0. To show, point out, guide (with ace. of pers. and ^jl of thing). jJj A proofs a means of showing (with ^^^), as ^^^*Jjl1 \ LUs*- LJj l11 25 V. 47, "We made the Bun to be a means of showing it — the' shadow."
lIXJj To rub, to incline downwards from the meridian {the sun). C/Jj n.a. The declining of the sun from the meridian.
Jj aor. 0. To let down a bucket into a well. jJ J comm. gend. A bucket.— ^j II. To occasion a fall (with ace. of pers. and c->).— ^JjI IV. To let down, offer as a bribe (with i--? of thing offered and^^ of pers.).— ^15 V. To approach closely. (•J for j^j V. tnfra. (•x<J quadriliteral verb. To plaster over, oblite-
rate, dc:troy (v.ith ^1^ of poio. auJ c.-?) ; Original root />j Topb^tcr.
^tStxor, 0. To dcJin-y.-^y^S II. sraiieu3^-«J (v/Ita ace. al30 vilh^^). ^r?-^ ^•^- Destruction ; ]^jj l^lT^^jJ 17 v» 17, ''Then'we destroyed it with an utter destruction."
^j aor. a. To s/ieJ tears. n^S n.a. A tear; used with a plural signification, Tears.
i-^j aor. a.. and 0. To 7cound the drain; hence, to destroy.
^j for J,^j;. Pliir. ^Lo Blood; the haniza hore takes the place of Cnal^, the word tboroforo retains the tanwcen; D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 113 and 402 ; IlS^lij ;,iijj 'I 2 v. 73, " Ye shall not shed your biood," meaning " the blood of one another." jujj from the Persian^liJ, or mora probaUy from the Greek- Brjiapiov, A gold coin, a ducat.
iJj aor. 0. To be near or low, to draw near, j^^j for ^1*^, Fern, ijb part. act. That which is near at hand or low, like fruit hanging low and near at hand, as at 69 v. 23. Jj| for ^^ jit* Fern. Gj for J2!:> D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. 110, 111, and 403, comp. and superl. form. Viler, worse, less, easier; as it nere, more ready io hand, nearer, nearest ; LjSI 1 JjlS 1 " The pre- sent life," as being nearer or perhaps viler;
u^J*^' l/^' y^ "^^ ^' ^' '*^^ the nearest -parts of the earth;" where is not decided, but it seems probable that the Victory spoken of in the text took place either in Syria or the Holy Land, possibly at Jerusalem ; at 33 v. 59 ^Jl may be rendered " More convenient or Eoitable;" at 58 v. 8, "fewer;" and at 73 v. 20, "very near," or "somewhat less;" at 7 V. 168 it is used with an ellipse of the word
Digitized by ^
>g'
uj
( c ) )
i^rhll t:.u3 Jjjrii^^^^SXo "They tu!:c tlio gooils of thii Lj ./ tLin^ (vl/. t'-.
v.'orl'.l, tMs v.orM, iLis v.orl i'i ^- ■;:. — ^S. IV. To brine; u .\ir; nt GO v. iJO it in:r/.i3 to fotch in order to put on (\.il!i . JS of pcra.)
^j JI; Iii'pp^ii, Jij Time ; ^TC i ^ ^%^^ ''^ ^* ^» *' A space of time." fjj^ij To cut In p'tccc:^, f.H a cup. jlS^ Full— a
cup,— abuinpor. IS J ccr. a. To come s'l^dcnh/ upnyi, — ^A^^\ ^I' To ' bo of a blaokiili tint. ^'i-X* part, act. That Ti'liich is of a drrk gTcen colour inclining to black, as g-^rJons ^vo'vl h^hvt^ mucli v;atered. ^^J aor. 0. To cjwbit, dk^hdnlate. ^'Ji-> Eed leather, also plur. of ^J Butter, anointing oil ; at 55 v. 37 it n^.ay be taken in cither sense ;. if in the latter, it means that the heavens. shall melt anay and become like oil. — ^^j! IV. To use dissimulation, in modem phrase, to bo a humbug, ^^x^ part. act. One who glosses over or holds in low estima- tion (with i^)j as ^,^J^* ^\ Sr^:?^ ' '*^»r^ ' 56 V. 80, " Will ye therefore gloss over this new revelation?" i.e. the Koran.
^j> J aor. i. To happen to, ipjuriously affect any one. ^d\ for ^d\ (see^^jO compar. form, More grievous. .
j^^lj or if written with the haraza j^^j for Jj^Ij (2nd declension) David, D. S. Qr. T. 1, pp. 104 and 404.
^1j aor. 0. To go round, jlj fem. gender; Plur.
jlJj A house, dwelling, mansion, abode; J\c^
A name of Paradise ; also of Medina, as at
. 59 V. 9. ^l| j Any. #jTj Plur. ^Tjj (2nd
declension) A change of fortune, turn of luck,
Ji3
„b
J^
c.i<.cl::!ly of L.d luJc^-^^'j^ IV. To tr;...^^ct (busin^-^s).
aor. 0. To cJ.c:'jc-~ •..3 ^:J il.:i:3,—to v::':\rjo tich5lt::.^-:s. *c. J A clii^r/';: of tiii:e or fortune ; iljj 59 V. 7, '' In on: circuit."— jj^j III. To cause to interch^i'^-:: {;:Qd and b-.J fortune (with ace. of thii.j iwd ^^^J of pc;ion3). aor. a. and o. To endure, continue, remain (with^); to persevere (wHh ^^11). ^Tj part. .act. That which endures perpetually, One who perseveres.
aor. 0. To be v^Jcrior. ^^^ and ^^.J ^ is properly a noun, si^rnifying inferiority; as a preposition it is employed in a variety of senses. Besides, ^\Z(^])ii beneath, to the exclu- sion of, in preference to, contrary to, diiJerent to, in opposition to, without; at IC v. 37 we find it used with two diilerent meanings in the same verse, as ^^ ^^ /J^ j ^ u ju^ U W e had not served anything besides him," and
clared anything unlawful without him," i.e, without his permission; Lastly, it is uced to express anything interposed between two objects, thus \^ l^Jjj ^ ^1 Jj^ J 18 v, 89, " We have given them nothing to act as a covering against it (the sun);" The people referred to in this passage having neither house nor clothing, but living in holes in the ground like the Earthmen of South Africa; So again at 19 v. 17, *^j;J ^ tr^j^Li l^ls^ "And she toot a veil to cover herself froni them ;" see D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 496. aor. i. To he indebted^ to judge^ profess the true faith (with ace), 'j j A debt, that which one owes. ,.j J Custom, institution, religion, the true faith, obedience, judgment ; ^^.^» (•jsi
Digitized by VjOOQlC
u
( ol )
\,3
-5 xt-o ♦ #^
24 V. C*.:^, '* Cod will p-.y thc;ri tl.t'.' j-i:-t diu." j (N/itU c, -0.
^^jk,« One wlio roceivc3 paynicnt of a tlcbl. — Ij^^^ for JU j, v, siprd.
.j^jJ \ I. To become dobiora one to auotlicr
\j Plur. ^jji demonstrative pronoun, called also dornonsifative article; This, that, lie; to this pronoun the particle i or li ia frequently pre- fixed, and it is then written 1 JJ5 or commonly \jSi, Fern, ssi, Plur. i^jS q.v. U is fre-
part. pa^3. Moved about, wavering to and fro
(with ^); Original root u->j q.v. • ' X • ^ *
Jij aor. n. 7b 5tVt'c/.--yXj^ VIII. To store up for
future use (with ace. and ^).
j3 imperat. of^ij q.v.
quently used v/ilh an elfipse of, or instead of jjj j^^j.. o. 7b scatter, strew. Ijl nouu of unity. ^•^\, and must then be translated "tbatr q^^ ein-le ant.' t,J Pro-ony, ofT^prlng,
children, race; The f^llowin j passag'O is rather
z/^-
which," or "he who," as ^^^J \ J U 7 v. 107, "What then do ye order?" Literalhj, "What is that which ye order?" According to the system of the Arab grammarians these de- monstratives are all indeclinable nouns, and totally independent of each other; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 441.— N.B. U is likewise the ace. of jj q.v. c^li aor. a. To collect. t^J A wolf. tiJ^j fem. of jj q.v.
s ^ " * "
ti^yi fem. plur. part. act. of Vjj q.v. I*' J aor. a. 2^? despise, ^^jx^ for /♦j^J^ part. pass.
Despised; D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 104. c-j J aor. 0. 7b prohibit, wander to and fro. c-^ljj
generic noun, A fly. ^j aor. a. 7b split, cut the throat, slay, sacrifice
(with ace. and ,^^). ^,^ That which is
sacrificed, a victim. — -<u II. To slay in large
numbers. S-^jjj quadriliteral verb, 7b he moved to and fro,
as anything suspended in the air. t-^jjA^
obscure, i.yy ^^ sjjJ 2\ ^^^ ^«1 Uj JO V. 83, "And none believed on Mcses, save (certain) children of his people;" Some have imagined that Pharaoh's people are those re- ferred to.
\ji aor. a. To create, produce, multiply; as !^j^»i^ ^ 42 V. 9, " He multiplies you by this means ; '* it is also used with the ace. and J.
^Jj To measure 7vith a cubit, p .j A stretching forth of the hand, strength, power; Lj jlJ U^i 11 V. 79, "He was weak in power con- cerning them," i.e. He had no power to protect ' them ; lilji ^^^ "Cfyji 69 v. 32, " The extension— length— of which is seventy cubits." cVjj comm. gend. A cubit, length of the arm from the elbow to the extremity of the middle finger. aI^VJj 18 v. 17, oblique dual, "His two fore-legs ; " properly, down to the knees.
\ji aor. 0. and i. To snatch away, scatter, ^i n.*a.
^ s ^
The act of scattering abroad. i^J for j^lj
Digitized by VjOOQIC
1,J
(.^3)
lUs.*
D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. ICJ, pr.rt. r.ct. ; Fom. Tlur.
v/itu!3 vrliicli scatter (:lio iut) in every diroc- tion ; " or, by anotIi:r interpretation, " By the wonicn who scatter nlroad (their o.Tspring)."
^2*5 J To oley.^^j^x^ part. act. IV. f. One who is Eubmii^Ivo Cwi'h , J' ).•
^j To strU:e en the chin, J^Ujl plur. of ^^j A chin; at 17 vv. 10^ auJ 100 it may be rendered racv}. ^J aor, 0. 7b stn/:e a r:.:n on the private parts, to remomLer (witli aec. and ^^0; to com- memorate, make mo:.*ion of, bear in mind (with ace. and.^^ or ^^J^). J^ A romem- . ' branco, record, conimemoration/memoir, me- morial, making mention, an exposKion (of religion), admonition ; The Koran 13 fre- quently called ^^^Ji2^^J "An admonition,
or exposition of religion for all creatures;" iii 1 JJjI 16 V, 45, The Jews and Christians, as " Keepers of the oracles of God ; " Ji J also means fame, good report, as CJJ^ lLO lijojj 94 V. 4, " And have we not exalted thy fame ? " yS Flui.j^j and (^»y J A male. ^1 j part, act. One who remembers (God). ^J^S (2nd declension) D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 402, A remember- ing, admonition ; j\j1V^^JS 38 v. 46, " By their calling to mind the life to come;" Ui^j ^ ^] ^^^ 79 V. 43, "What record of (or means of knowing) it do you possess?" Note. IJ is here put for Uj " In what ? " see li • i^jJ A warning, admonition, that which brings to one's recollection, jfi^ part. pass. Beraembered.— jS'j II. To remind, warn (with ace. and c-^); to admonish, ^jj n.a, A
reniindir.g, vrariiing. 4'-^« part, c:t. 0:\: ;vho warns or admoui..!ie3.--^ij or^j^ V. D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. C'.'O, To bo adiaoai:!.- J, to b remindtd : p>\J .^ <i-J pjcj U ^i-^^J J^l 25 V. 34, "And did we not give you (a suCcient) length ofdavs, that who£0 would b J I'-dinonislicd might be adinoniilicd therein?"— -^i'jt VIII, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 202, To remember, remind one's-self. JJ^^ P^^t act. One who remembers or reminds himself, hence, who is reminded or 'admoniihed.
li J aor. 0. 7b ivr;2 furlo,'..>bj.-^^j II. 7{> ca!/.^6' ^^ I urn, to slay.
Jj aor, i. To be abject, humbled. Jj n.a. Humility, abasement; JjJl -.lLi-17 v. 2J, "The wing of humHity," sec Z^; At 17 t.
111 the words jSs\ ^rj ^j JtJ ^C "i^j bear one or two interpretations ; they may mean "Neither has he any friend, on account of the vileness (of all created things);" or they may be translated, " Neither has he any to protect him from ignominy," (as requiring no one), ilj Abasement, ignominy, vilenes?. JjljWell-trained,tractable(abeastofburthen); commodious or easy, (the earth, or the paths of the earth) ; Plur. JJj. ZJil plur. of jJ J Humble, submissive, mean, low-spirited, weak- hearted. Jjl comp. form (2nd declension). Viler, most vile.— JJj II. To humble, render* submissive (with ace. and J); to bring low. jJ jJ nji. A bringing low.— J j\ IV. To abase. (J4j Fern. uiJj; Plur. CJ$/\ That, those; all of which are considered by Arab grammarians as indeclinable nouns, entirely distinct one
Digitized by VjOOQIC
lJ3j
(53)
r^^^
pCi'^onal pronouns of the second person, as l£ji, l^Qi, j!XJ J, li^ and Uiij, according to tho number and gender of the persona - addrcj^ed ; they are also found.wltU the usual prefixo3, as-dXlj^ Thus, iuthatiTay; CSSsl For that reason, etc. See D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 440. ^j aor. 0. To rcdlc, <UJ-A treaty, good faith, ^j^jw^ part. pass. Abused, disgraced.
lUj aor. 0. and i. To follow clozehj. S-^'-^ Plur. t-^Jj A crime, A\uU, sin. c-y j A portion,- lot.
lI^j aor. a. To go (with ^\^ ; go a^vay, depart (with ^^) ; takci av/ay, or go away with (with c->); D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 121. dij comm. gend. Gold. lIoU part. act. One who goes. <^bj n.a. The act of taking away.— (^.^..^ jl IV. To take away, remove (with ace. and ^^), also to take, receive, as at 4Q v. 19, where there is an ellipse of the words 1^ jLL.
J^j aor. a. To forget (with JjT). ^j Fern. cuU, Gen. j^J, Ace. U; Dual j^^jj, oblique ^j^.i, and in constr. with a complement }^i and i^j ; Fem. Dual ^IjCi, oblique ^l^i, and in constr. Ijlj i and ^|;i ; Plur. ^^;jj, oblique ^T;.^ j and in -constr. ^^i and ^i ;
Fem. Plur. cl.*^jJ; These words are never used but in connexion with a complement, it is therefore only in their abbreviated forms as cfjj, Ul^J, etc. that they are to be found in the Kor&n; their proper rendering depends very frequently upon the sense of the words in conneiion with which they occur; their
most usual acceptation is Possessed of, Lcr^l of, endowed with, Or having; Tho follcv- ing are a few of the instances whoro tli::y may bo paraphrased with advautai^o; Ex. ijil ^ J 2 V. 2S0, " Under a difficulty ; '* aI^I jj 3 V. 3, "Mighty to avenge;" ^oJ ^^Ji ^IIS 41 V. 51, "Then is he given to much prayer; Ji^^'ij^*^ 2 v. 172, "Rela- tives;" c^ oVy^ i^j^ 1^ V* *^0i " ^° ^^ ^^' fruitful valley;" JLlllfLi^liJ ^.-^fcir'i . 18 V. 17, "To the right and left;"' ^\l ^ Ijj J2] oi V. 13, " On (a vessel) built ^'ith
planks and oakum" or nails, sec^j; jJ ^^;j!^r"The Lord of the two horns," either Alexander the Great, v.-ho is thus represented on his coins, or an older Hero who lived ia the time of Abraham; ^^fU 21 v. 87, The prophet Jonah, see j^,y. In addition to the meanings assigned to ^i, tzjii has special significations, it may sometimes be rendered The essence of, the very identical, the thin^ itself; ^^l^fc^U 3 v. 148, "The very in- most thoughts of your breasts." For the
9
rules of syntax which aflfect^j see D. S. Gr.
T. 2, p. 145. Note. Instead of ^,^]^ it* fa
usual to employ the irregular Plural ^.\
written \^^ q.v. j^j aor. 0. To drive away; ^iS^jJ 2 pers. fem.
dual, 28 V. 23, " They drove away (their
flocks)." j\i aor. 0. To taste, experience (with ace. and J
or t-^). c?5i^ part. act. One who tastes.
J\j\ IV. To cause to taste (with double ace).
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
•U
( 54 )
\^
V
(JjOlJ .Tiici: t'.Yo; dual of c'AJ, g^ncnlly
written tJiCJj q.v. L<J sec • J •
c! J r.or. i. To become known.— ^j! IV. To divul^-q (\vl*!i c-j).
J
<c.j\j see I'.. ^jwt^ aor. a. To he the head of. {JJ\j Plnr. (JL^ A bcr.J, capital sum, as II^IjJPi {^y.*j 2 v. 279, "The capital of your ni^noy;" ^^J^ ^^^*Jl} (L. JJ 21 y. C(i, '* TLej fell back into r.Iolatry," Lltcralhj^ "Tboy were turned upsiJe down upon their heaJs." LZJi^^j plur. of t^j^ rt. CJ q.v. ;^i^ aor. a. aad 0. To be ccy.ipa^clonatc. li\j Com- passion. f^Jj^ Compa-jsionato, merciful. 4^TJ aor. a. To see, look (with j!l ), behold, per- ceive, think (with ^1) ; to know (with or witli- out^O; with an afHx jT^ is for d\ij, which again is for 'iXj D. S. Or. T. 1, pp. 118 and OS ; in the aorist and imperat. the \ is gene- rally omitted, thus JLU^ ^1 ^jir^^ 9 v. 95, "And God will see your works;" clXSi^l 17 V. 64, and *^ljl 6 v. 40; the personal pro- noun Cj in these instances is purely a pleo- .nasm, and adds nothing to the meaning; • "What thinkest thou?" "What think ye?" D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 544, and T. 2, p. 479 ; At 18 V. 37 ^J is for ^J D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 459. ^\^ Judgment, opinion ; ^J\jl \ vj?jb 11 v. 29, " Upon first thoughts ;"'^ J^'^ J[) 3 v. H, " Judging by sight." ^j That which pleases the eye, l^; for ^^ (2nd declension) D. S. Gr. T. 1, pp. Ill and 402, A vision of the niglit. ^\jj Hypocrisy, ostentation ; ^\jj ,^Cjf 2 V. 266, "To be seen of men."—
'^Aj III. To deceive by hypocnticnlly a£3um- mg a ral>e appear.mce ; ,^«^^v. ^^^o'^l v"^' ^ ^^^^' plur. aor. D. S.. Gr. T. 1, p. 112, § 230.« ^J^ IV. for yj\y\ To cause to see, £liow,make to appear (willi double ace); UiV ^G •! U ^J^ 40 V. CO, ** I orJy point out to you what I think (to be ri-!it)."— ^-^T^ VI. To see one another, come in sight of one another; This word is .written Aji at 26 v. 61, tlie only place in the Kcran wh:ro it occurs, but this seems to be a liccnsi, having for its object to avoid the concurrence of two quiescent letters ; the following word ^^IcksIi commencing with a Wesla. jij aor. 0. To be a lord and master. CSj Plur. c-^lT) \ A Lord ; CJj for ^j My Lord. J,^'^ plur. of ^j Myriads. « 4Vj (2nd declen- sion) plur. of l^j A daughter-in-law. lj}^j A Rabbi, a Doctor or one learned in Divine Law. UjJ Frequently, often, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 500. ^ To be profitable (a trade or traffic).
^j To expect. — ^3 V. To wait, w^ait for, expect, watch for something to befall any one (with ace. of thing and c--? of pers.). ^^J n.a. Tlie act of waiting, a period of waiting, {j^j^ part. act. One who waits.
^j aor. i. and 0. To tie, confirm, strengthen (with JS\ as J;^/f JS^^8y. 11, "That be might strengthen your hearts."— ^VJ III. To
.Googre
Digitized by ^
>g'
iJ
iC5 )
^^J
bo finii and coiutr^nt: lr\jj A lc.\y of Lor:c, ccn -iifin^ of five or more.
IjJ 71' hctvat^rcl cccnj fourth dcy{a r'tmel); r.jr.
■ a. i. and o. To be the fourth, t.j The fourth
part. ^Jj Four by four; ^j Hy fours (Cnd
declension), see <^»1j. jj^I fern, and iUj^l
mnsc. Four, see^^. ^.;-^l Fortj. ^1^ A
. fourth.
\jj aor. 0. To increase, gro\7, swell, riount vp ; at 30 V. 33 il>^ and Vv ^re for 1;'^ and ».v, the I being an ^'ij!l 4,^1 or Alif of precaution, D. S. Gr. t/i, p. 109. lJ\j for tlj Fern. <lj1j part. act. That wliich mounts up; \jjj Cjlj 13 V. 18, "The ecum floating on the sur- face (of the water);" it also means severe, as JuVj VdS^ jU j^U 69 V. 10, " And he inflicted on them a severe punishment." ^J] comp. form, More numerous. \^j or more correctly bj Usury, the three cases being alike, D.S.Gr. T. 1, p. lOG ; Tvith the Article it is sometimes spelt l»jpl, tlie \ at the end being an AliC of precaution, v. suprd. ijjj or i^ij A bill, an elevated part of the Earth. — ^j II. To nourish, nurse, educate (with ace. and ^J) ; ^^^j 17 V. 25, "They two nourished me.—^^J\ IV, To cause to increase, grant an increase to.
^j aor. a. Tofeedin al/undant pastures, pass time pleasantly, enjoy one's-self.
fjjj aor. 0. To mend anything byjoin'mg the broken parts, fjjj n.a. Anything close, solid, im- pervious ; The word occurs at 21 v. 31, where it is said that the Heavens and the Earth were originally f^j, i.e. united together in one solid mass.
cPj To be well and fairly arranyed.^Jjj II. To
roivjut (the Ivo/Aa) \.iui a i]o\v aiul u"..^t:::ct . enunci.^tion. J^^Jf n.t^. Tlic cct of r- vjiitiiij
t!io Kor.Va in a slo\,' and dLr'Jr.ct ir.:.:.n-r. ^.^ aor. 0. To mo\'c, shall 2. ^ n.a. A sl.akh.j,
shock. >y To cor.:po$c a partlcu!>ir hind of vcrcc calud
yrj' J^J ^"^^^j^Tj luipunty, a plu;;uo, puni:h-
meut, any aboniiiiatio:), e?[':ci:.lly laol^itry.
\j^rj ^*^^* ^« ^^ hdlow loudly, iS^J *^^ ii'^0f3ii^>
tion, puniihniont, indi^*iu;tion, doubt. ^.^j aor. i. To return, turn Irck, turn oil— blame— upon any one (v;ith ^\), as ^^f^J, ^\ .^^-^ 21 V. 59, "Perhaps they miglit turn it cu upon him;" or, according to another vercicn, "That they might return unto God;" to come back, L-Jj! ^T^ ^f^y^ 21 V. 65, " Then th jv came to themselves— returned to their senses ; " to bring back, give back (with ace. and ^<i!); to turn ngaiu, as^^ \ j-^-J"^ 07 v. 3, "Turn again thine eyes (unto Heaven);" jj;*^j) 23 V. 101, " Restore me (to life again)," A rare instance in the Koran of the plural for tlie singular, used out of respect; D. S. Gr, T, 2, p. 237, note. w>y and ^a^j ns.a. A return. j^lj part. act. One who returns, etc. j-=r>* noun of time and place, A return. — ^-^^^ VI. To return to one another.
i^J^j aor. 0. To be in violent motion, to shake violently, tremble. <U5»^ An Earthquake, a mighty blast. If^^j Name of the first blast of the trumpet which is to precede the general Resurrection.— cjb^-^ part. act. IV. f. One who makes a commotion.
Js^J aor. 0. To hurt one in the foot. J^^J n.a. collective noun. Foot, Foot-soldiers, ^j
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
J.v
(.:;)
V
fern.; i lar. ^^-^-ji A f jt; ^^.;St^ c*^^ '^v ^Vr^b ^,t1t'-:1 ;^^ ^.^^.Coi iv'AmUIo r.ot brln\j a cil'iintiy wluo!i Uicy have invonled l:t'.voca tiK^ir handd p.r:J ti.eir {cA;'* Thn \YorJs ai-o iutcrprc'ed to nic^n, 'M'^rJl not h.y tn.ir il^.o^-itujr^lycfr.^prirj to tht-ii* hnslanJ^." Jb-j riur. J'-r-j A mail,, as oppored to a
v/oman; ^JV ^^y jU-^^ 72 v. 6, "With
• ccrlain of. the Jim."
j>j>j aor. 0. To siono, 1>-J A dcuU, conjecture;
^^^U Lt^"J 13 V. 21, " Doubtfullv sno.-^in::^
at that v.'hicli i.-s secret;" Plur. /%^j Thir.g-s
• "vvhich are thrown, lo-j Stoned, pelted or
driven r/,vay vrltli^toius; nnEpithet of Satan.
s / c ^
(*J^^ part. p:33. Stoned. Uy aor. 0. To Lope (with ace. or wi-th ^); to hope for (with ace, and ^.« or -J); sometimes also to fear, lut in this sense it is always found with a negative, thus V. JLJ \:)fTjl '^ ^y^ '^^ V. 42, "They did not dread the liesurrection," ^l>-jl plur. of L>-j The sides, yrj^ part, pass. Hoped for.— j^j^ IV. To put off, postpone; ' at 7 V. lOS ^j] is for }^j] " Put him off; " D. S. Gr. T. 1 , p. 4G0. ^!'Jr)^ plur. of ,^C
S ^ *» ' "i. "O Ot /^ O X o /
for^^>-^ part. pass. ij\] j^^ ^i>y 9 v. 107,
"Held in suspense (awaiting) the decree of
God;" D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 354. Lj^-^ft^ To be ample, spacious ; vj:-wo^ uj 9 v. 25,
" For all it was so spacious." ^^^^ a form
of salutation equivalent to Welcome ! aa \^j^
llj " You are welcome." j-*.j Pure Wine ; no verbal root. v3>-^ aor. a. To place saddle-bags on a camel.
jjlj n.a. A saddle-bag; Plur. Jl^j. i^j
A joiir-v. trAv.:::::j; i'cJii\ i^j ^y:^^
w^;^T; ICo V. 2, " For tIcT 'y ^:::n- to j^Iior (in fiUir.^ cut) t!:e C:'.:.-'.':.:! in winter anJ summer." :^j aor. a. To be rnerciriil, have mcrn* upon (with ace. of peri.); In tlie passive ^^^.^^r*-^ "Ye shall be treated with mercy," or "shall receive mercy, *i^4^, scmetimcs spelt vj:--^K>-^t, D. S. G\\ T. 1, p. 27C», notCf jlercy, kinJr. :£5. A>^^ comrur. Tonii, Host merciful, .^'o-,*.
it ^ s **
comm. gender^ plur. of ,•J^^J or ^i A wo;nb, relationship, as /♦'«^j-'i Lj! Blood relations. ^^^ Kinuness, aL .. Uon. ^\j part. act. One v.ho sliows mercy. ^J^j or ^^^j P. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 401 (with the arlicle u^-.ally spelt ^^^-4.>^I),and^^^jlIercifulandconjpaisioDate; The tw^o words are constantly found together^ as if to add intensity one lo the other, but the former conveys the moro comprehensive mean- in;]:. ^U>.j (2nd declension) plur. of <.-o-.. <u.>^ Mercy, kindness.
^j>^j aor. a. To be soft andjlabl>/. ^\l.j A gentle wind.
J; aor. 0. To drive back, avert (with ace. and ^, also with ^J>^) ; to restore, give back^ bring back, refer, give again (with ace. and J, jj[,
or Jl)\ Jl^9* Jl rk'^^ ^y^} ^•*^- ^^' "Then they put their hands up to their mouths," either biting their own fingers in anger; or it may be, to close the mouths of the prophets ; At 16 v. 72, and 22 v. 5 it means to keep back (with ^Jt); at 41 v. 47 (also with ^p to reserve ; and at 5 v. 107, To take (an oath). 3j n.a. 21 v. 41, The act of averting, bringing back, etc. Ci\j part. act.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
-J
(57 )
J
y
On3 v.i.o averts, r:J.orc3, etc.; ^^i^\ Ui I 1^ , yy^^^ ^^'^ 13 V. 7C. " Nor do t::o3C v.lio hr.vc locu-madc enparior (to olliors) give bi:ck their wealth, etc." Hero ^30 13 for ^,j3\j, the participle— or noun <. " r.g-cncy— bein'^ anteccJcut to a complement in the genitive; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 183; y being an expletive arier the negative U, see t^. jC^ A pbce by which or to which vre return ; bcsidos bring anoun of time and place as alcove, ZCt is also a noun of action, D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. 291, and then mcan^ the act of averling, restoring, etc. u^Xi part. pa^s. riostored, averted, as j.jl^^jli 11 v. 73, "Inevitable."
— jj^ Y. To be agitated, moved to and fro.— jj\\ VIII. To be rendered, to return, turn again (with ^), as U^^liT ^ ^^J^ 18 v. 63, " And they retraced their steps ; " or with
sight shall not return to them," being fixed with horror ; at 27 v. 40 the same expression may be translated " In the. twinkling of an eye," or " Before thou canst fix thine 'eye npon any object, and remove it ; " with ^ it means to apostatize.
1 jj To prop a nail. ^J; A helper.
tJjJ To come behind (with J). c-J^l; part. act. That which follows.— cJ^ part. act. IV. f. eame as cJjVj ; at 8 v. 9 it may either mean following oneanother,orcausing(the believers) to follow one another*
j^jj fior. i. To shut (a gate), ^jj n.a. A strong wall.
tfjj aor. i. To trample the earth rvith his feet (a horse), is^j aor. a. To perish.— ^^J;! IV. To
brirg to dootruct'.on.— ^V ^'- "^^ ^^^^ '^^^'^'^' long. %)fj^^ fV-m. part. act. That whicli f.Hi headlong, or is elain by a faU.
Jij aor. 0. To he hiu:. ^S} Plm'. ^.pjl and
yS^\\ coinp. form. Vilest, most abject; ^J^^
^ifjij't 16 V. 72, "To the wors.t part of
life," ix. To a decrepit old age; the Mal'Si
infardia ncSi, • . *
xjj aor..o. To supply with the nooessarlos of life, provide for, bestow upon (v;ith double aoc.) ;
■ to£usfain;^l}i/^li;UL^n2v.37^,"N^ food shall -come to you with which ye sliall be supplied;" For this use of the verb in tho passive voice with a compieiTvr-'t see D. 5. Gr. T. 2, p. 121. J]; A proviiiion, mairv^craTice, bounty, fortune, income, anything granted to another from which he derives beuoflt* ^'^j part. act. One who provides for, or supplies with necessaries, o^fj^ The Great Provider, one of the names of God, as Providence.
JiJ aor. 0. To dig a rvell. J^y\ Er-Eass ; sup- posed to be the name of a well near Midian, or according to others near Antioch.
i^J To lejlrnu ^'|J part. act. Ore who is firmly established ; ^fj^ ^^Mf^ ^' lCO,"Tho>e who are well grounded in learning."
Jl»j aor. 0. To send a messaiger. j^j An apostle, a messenger ; Plur. J4; ; at 33 v. 66 we find iL^'Tfor J^n for the sake of the rhyme, by a license called K^\ saturation; D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 497; At 26 v. 15 the word Jw/J is used with a plural signification thus J^LJ \j\^ etc. as though it wore "Verily we are a de- putation;" several reasons are assigned for this* Frcitag says, quoting the Kamoos, tliat
Digitized by
.u,
( 53)
J^j
words cf the form J^ii' arc both ein^-. aiiJ plar.; J^-^ 13 by otlicri c^TnsuIeroil to bo a noun cf r.ction u?:J n'ljoctivoly, for thia^con- di'ucLLn sec D. S. Gr. T. 2, p. 2S0. IlCy A rrcf^r^c, co!.imission.— Jl;)l IV. To eend (with J^^, also with ace. and ^[or^); . ^ JLyi 12 V. 45, for jJJp, D. S. Gr. T. 1. p. 459. Jl^^ part. act. One who sends; ssZ \^ ^ JLt^ is 35 V. 2, "There la no one who can send or bestow it, ailer he baa with- held it." JJ^ part. pass. One who is sent, a legate ; <l£l^yC\ 77 v. 1, An.2;el3, winds, or the verses of the Koran, according to ditrercnt interpretations.
Cj aor. 0. To he or stand Jinn. ^\^^ (2nd declen- sion) plur. of "LJj fern, of ^j for ^\j for
. ^Ij; D. S. Gr. T, 1, pp. 330 and 360. part, act. Things which are firmly and immovably fixed— mountains.— ^_^1 IV. To fix firmly. ^J^ noun of time and place, That which is fixed \Tith regard to time or place, as ^bl y^CJ. 7 V. ISG, "When is its fixed time.?";, a Port, harbour, or roadstead, as bC^^j ^J;^^ 11 V. 43, " Both whilst it is moving, and whilst it is at anchor, or at rest."
ILJ aor. 0. To walk in the right way, to be well directed. Sij3» 5l-£J, and xlj nouns of action, A going in the riglit way, true direction, cor- rect rule of action. %J^\j part. act. One who is well directed, or who walks in the right way. xJ^j A person of discernment, a guide to the right way. — a^ part. act. lY. f. One who directa aright, a guide.
y^j aor. 0. To cement or join together, ^y^j^ part. pass. Firmly and compactly united.
xaj aor. 0. To observe, lie in rvait. s^j n.a. A
lying in wait; abo as a collective noun, An ambush^ band of watchers. w^>?^ A pL.cc of ambush. J'^S])^ A place of ob:orva':on, or of ambu.^.h.— j'wJi}^ n.?.. IV. f. 'A r::r.n3 of pre- paration or fitting out. ^j aor. a. and i. To suck the mother s mllh. il\jj n.a. The act of sucking milk : J^^^\ Juli!!!""^ 4 V. 27, "Your footer sisters." ^\y* (2nd declension) plur. of j-^^t xV breast. —1^,1 IV. To suckle (with ace. of child and J of father); to give suck to. <'-v?/« f^ni. part. act. One who gives • suck. — j--^/^; -X.. • To seek a nur^e for (a child). \aj aor, a. To be content, pleased (with ^^ with i^f or with ace.) ; to choose (with (— ^, also with ace. of thing and J of pers.). ^j Agreeable, accoptable. ^\j for ^\j part. act., Fern. iLAj One who is content, well pleased; also pleasant, agreeable. ^\yij Grace, acceptance, favour, that which is pleas- ing, (j^y* part. pass. Accepted, well pleased
• or contented. tuU^ n.a. for ^U^ D. S. ur. T. ], p. 27G, note; The act of pleasing.— ^J\ IV. To content, please (with ace. of pers. and lS). — ^^J VI. To be pleased with one another, to be mutually agreed (with ^ or c-j). ^^J n.a. for ^\j for ^\ji D. S. Gr. T. 1, p. Ill, Mutual consent.— ^^^^^ VIII.
• To be pleased with, pleasing to (with J).
\SSj To he fresh and ripe (dates), k^j n.a.
That which is green. \lSj collective noun,
Fresh ripe dates. sl^j aor, a. To frighten, fear, l--^ n.a. Fear,
terror. jij aor. a. and o. To thunder ^j^j Thunder.
Digitized by VjOO^ _ _
Lf-J
(iO)
^J
Ij nor. a. on account of the £,^ttural c, D. 3. Gr.